Cheatography
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Basic Linux commands you should know
File Commandsls – directory listing | ls -al – formatted listing with hidden files | cd [directory] - change directory to directory | pwd – Print Working Directory | mkdir [directory] – create a directory named directory | rm [file_name] – delete filename | rm -r [directory] – delete directory recursively | rm -f [file_name] – force remove file | rm -rf [directory] – force remove directory directory recursively * Use with care | cp [file1 file2] – copy file1 to file2 | mv [file1 file2] – rename or move file1 to file2 | ln -s [file_name link] – create symbolic link to file | touch [file_name] – create or update file | cat > [file_name] – places standard input into file | more [file_name] – output the contents of file | head [file_name] – output the first 10 lines of file | tail [file_name] – output the last 10 lines of file | tail -f [file_name] – output the contents of file as it grows, starting with the last 10 lines | chmod [octal file_name] change the permissions of file to octal |
Compressiontar cf [file_name.tar files] – create a tar named file_name.tar containing files | tar xf [file_name.tar] – extract the files from file_name.tar | tar czf [file_name.tar.gz files] – create a tar file with Gzip compression | tar xzf [file_name.tar.gz] – extract a tar using Gzip | tar xjf [file_name.tar.bz2] – extract a tar using Bzip2 | gzip [file_name] – compresses file and renames it to file_name.gz | gzip -d [file_name.gz] – decompresses file_name.gz back to file |
| | System Informationdate – show the current date and time | cal – show this month's calendar | uptime – show current uptime | w – display who is online | whoami – who you are logged in as | finger user – display information about user | uname -a – show kernel information | cat /proc/cpuinfo – cpu information | cat /proc/meminfo – memory information | man command – show the manual for command | df – show disk usage | du – show directory space usage | free – show memory and swap usage | whereis [application_name] – show possible locations of binary, source, and manual page files for a command | which [application_name] – show which application will be run by default |
Searchinggrep [pattern files] – search for pattern in files | grep -r [pattern directory] – search recursively for pattern in directory | [command] | grep [pattern] – search for pattern in the output of command | locate [file_name] – find all instances of file |
| | Process Managementps – (Process Status) displays your currently active processes | top – (Table of Processes) display all running processes | kill [pid] – kill process id pid | killall [process_name] – kill all processes named [process_name] | bg – lists stopped or background jobs; resume background job | fg – brings the most recent job to foreground | fg [n] – brings job id to the foreground |
Networkping [host] – ping host and output results | whois [domain] – get whois information for domain | dig [domain] – get DNS information for domain | dig -x [host] – reverse lookup host | wget [file at URL] – download file from URL | wget -c [file at URL] – continue a stopped download | ssh [user@host] – connect to host as user | ssh -p [port user@host] – connect to host on port port as user | ssh-copy-id [user@host] – add your key to host for user to enable a keyed or login without password |
ShortcutsCtrl+C – halts the current command | Ctrl+Z – stops the current command; resume with fg in the foreground or bg in the background | Ctrl+D – log out of current session, similar to exit | Ctrl+W – erases one word in the current line | Ctrl+U – erases the whole line | Ctrl+R – type to bring up a recent command | !! - repeats the last command | exit – log out of current session |
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Hey, this is good for SysAdmins.
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