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Numeral Systems for CS Students Cheat Sheet (DRAFT) by

A short cheat-sheet(duh) for CS students(or anyone else) to reference when Working with Numeral Systems, made up of Conversion between the relevant Numeral Systems (HEX, OCT, BIN, DEC), Binary Arithmetic and other Notes.

This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.

Numeral System Conver­sions

Conversion
Method
Example

Binary Arithmetic

Operation
Rules
Example

Negative Numbers: Two's Complement

Method:
Invert all bits (1’s comple­ment).
Add 1 to the result.
Example:
-5₁₀ in 4-bit binary:
Step 1: 5 = 0101 → Invert → 1010.
Step 2: 1010 + 1 = 1011 (repre­sents -5).