Common configuration files
sip.conf |
Configure trunks |
users.conf |
Configure users |
extensions.conf |
Dialplan configuration |
iax.conf |
logger.conf |
Files and log levels |
confbridge.conf |
Conference bridge configuration |
modules.conf |
musiconhold.conf |
Music on hold configuration |
voicemail.conf |
Voicemail configuration |
Asterisk Console Commands
asterisk -r[vvvv] |
Enter Asterisk console [verbose level] |
sip show channels |
Shows active channels |
sip show registry |
Display trunk status |
sip show peers |
Show peer status |
core set verbose X |
Changes the console verbosity level |
core show translation |
Displays transcoding latency between codecs |
reload |
Reread the configuration files, without restarting Asterisk |
core restart now |
Force Asterisk to restart immediately |
core restart gracefully |
Restarts Asterisk when calls are complete. New calls are denied |
core restart when convenient |
Restarts Asterisk when calls are complete. New calls are accepted |
Pattern Matching
X |
Digit from 0 to 9 |
Z |
Digit from 1 to 9 |
N |
Digit from 2 to 9 |
. |
Wildcard - one or more characters |
! |
Wildcard - zero or more characters |
[ ] |
Numeric Range |
Examples |
|
_1XXX |
match from 1000 to 1999 |
_12[0-5]X |
match from 1200 to 1259 |
_12[015] |
match 120, 121 and 125 |
Complex Match - All Numbers from 4683 to 5132
_468[3-9] ; 4683-4689
_ 469X ; 4690-4699
_ 4[7-9]XX ; 4700-4999
_ 50XX ; 5000-5099
_ 51[0-2]X ; 5100-5129
_ 513[0-2] ; 5130-5132
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Dialplan Apps
Application |
Description |
Example |
Answer() |
Answer immediately |
Playback(music) |
Play music |
Dial(type/identifier, timeout) |
Calls the type identifier number for timeout seconds |
Dial(SIP/TrunkName/${EXTEN:3}, 20) |
VoiceMail(user@context) |
Calls the user's voicemail user on context context |
VoiceMail(${EXTEN}@mycontext) |
VoiceMailMain(user@context) |
Allows you to check your voicemail |
VoiceMailMain($CALLERID(num)@mycontext) |
Goto(context, extension, priority) |
Allows you to change context and/or number |
Goto(otherContext, ${EXTEN:2}) |
Hangup() |
Hang up |
NoOp(message) |
Does nothing, useful for debugging |
NoOp(Call from ${CALLERID(num)} to ${EXTEN}) |
Dialplan variables
${EXTEN} |
The number called |
${CONTEXT} |
The name of the current context |
${CALLERID(name)} |
The name of the caller |
${CALLERID(num)} |
The caller's number |
Dialplan Format
Contexts |
Keeps different sections of the dialplan independent of each other |
[users] |
Extensions |
The series of steps (each containing an application) defined for that extension |
exten => 100,1,Dial(SIP/alice) |
Priorities |
An extension can have multiple steps (priorities), which are executed sequentially. |
exten => 100,1,Playback(tt-weasels)
exten => 100,2,Voicemail(10)
exten => 100,3,Hangup() |
n priority |
Automatically increases a priority’s value by 1, |
exten => 100,1,Playback(tt-weasels)
exten => 100,n,Voicemail(10)
exten => 100,n,Hangup() |
same => operator |
Enables you to avoid writing the extension on each line, as long the extension remains the same. |
exten => 100,1,Playback(tt-weasels)
same => n,Voicemail(10)
same => n,Hangup() |
Applications |
the action that will be performed on the current channel. |
exten => 100,1,Dial(SIP/alice) |
Manipulating Variables
Variable format: ${variable_name[:offset[:length]]} where |
offset: how many digits to skip (optional) |
length: number of digits to return (optional) |
Examples: Assuming we've dialed 918005551234 |
1. Remove the first character of extension, save in "number" variable. |
exten => _9X.,1,Set(number=${EXTEN:1}) |
2. Use a negative offset number to remove everything before the last four digits |
exten => _9X.,1,Set(number=${EXTEN:-4}) |
3. Limit the number of characters from our offset position and only save 555 |
exten => _9X.,1,Set(number=${EXTEN:5:3}) |
4. The length value can also be used with a negative offset to save 555 |
exten => _9X.,1,Set(number=${EXTEN:-7:3}) |
5. Negative length value (-1) will remove # sign from the end of the string. |
exten => _XXXX#,1,Set(pin=${EXTEN:0:-1}) |
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