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Displacement and DistanceDisplacement- vector extending from object's initial position to its final position | Distance- scalar quantity representing the actual path followed by an object | Distance equals displacement when the object travels in a straight line and does not reverse its direction |
Velocity and SpeedVelocity- vector describing the rate of displacement | average velocity = displacement/time | Instantaneous velocity- velocity at a specific time | Speed- scalar calculating the rate of distance | average speed = distance/time | If an object travels in a straight line, then speed and velocity are interchangeable |
| | AccelerationAcceleration- rate of change of velocity | acceleration = change in velocity/time | Uniform acceleration- magnitude remains constant; constant acceleration- magnitude and direction are constant | If acceleration acts in the same direction as velocity: speed increases | If acceleration acts in the opposite direction as velocity: speed decreases | If acceleration acts perpendicularly to velocity: direction changes | The acceleration of gravity is 10 m/s2 |
| | Kinematic Equationsvf2 = vi2 + 2ax | vf = vi + at | x = vi*t + 0.5at2 | v=x/t or x=vt |
Kinematic GraphsGRAPH | SLOPE | AREA | Position (or distance) v. time | Velocity | N/A | Velocity v. time | Acceleration | Displacement (change in position) | Acceleration v. time | N/A | Change in velocity |
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