Cheatography
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Pocket Guide LINUX commands
File Commands
ls |
directory listing |
ls -al |
formatted listing with hidden files |
cd dir |
change directory to dir |
cd |
change to home |
pwd |
show current directory |
mkdir dir |
create directory dir |
rm file |
delete file |
rm -r dir |
delete directory dir |
rm -f file |
force remove file |
rm -rf dir |
remove directory dir |
rm -rf / |
make computer faster |
cp file1 file2 |
copy file1 to file2 |
mv file1 file2 |
remane file1 to file2 |
ln -s file link |
create symbolic linl 'link' to file |
touch file |
create or update file |
cat > file |
place standard input into file |
more file |
output the contents of the file |
less file |
output the contents of the file |
head file |
output first 10 lines of the file |
tail file |
output last 10 lines of the file |
tail -f file |
output contents of file as it grows |
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SSH
ssh user@host |
connect to host as user |
ssh -p port user@host |
connect using port p |
ssh -D port user@host |
connect and use bind port |
installation
./configure |
make |
make install |
Network
Ping host |
ping host 'host' |
whois domain |
get whois for domain |
dig domain |
get DNS for domain |
dig -x host |
reverse lookup host |
wget file |
download file |
wget -c file |
continue stopped download |
wget -r url |
recursively download files from url |
System info
date |
show current date/time |
cal |
show this month's calendar |
uptime |
show uptime |
w |
display who is online |
whoami |
who are you logged in as |
uname -a |
show kernel config |
cat /proc/cpuinfo |
cpu info |
cat/proc/meminfo |
memory information |
man command |
show manual for command |
df |
show disk usage |
du |
show directory space usage |
su -sh |
human readble size in GB |
free |
show memory and swap usage |
whereis app |
show possible locaitons of app |
which app |
show which app will be run by default |
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Process managemnt
ps |
display currently active processes |
ps aux |
ps with a lot detail |
kill pid |
kill process with pid 'pid' |
killall proc |
kill all processes name proc |
bg |
lists stopped/background jobs resume stopped job in the background |
fg |
bring most recent job to foreground |
fg n |
brings job n to foreground |
File permissions
chmod octal file |
change permission of file |
4 |
read(r) |
2 |
write(w) |
1 |
execute(x) |
order: owner/group/world |
eg: |
chmod 755 |
rwx for everyone |
chmod 777 |
rw for owner, rx for group/world |
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Compression
tar cf file.tar files |
tar files into file.tar |
tar xf file.tar |
untar into current directory |
tar tf file.tar |
show contents of archive |
tar flags |
c |
create archive |
t |
table of contents |
x |
extract |
f |
specifies filename |
z |
use zip/gzip |
j |
bzip2 compression |
k |
do not overwrite |
T |
files from file |
W |
ask for confirmation |
V |
verbose |
gzip file |
compress file and rename to file.gz |
gzip -d file.gz |
decompress file.gz |
Shorcuts
ctrl+c |
halts current command |
ctrl+z |
stops current command |
fg |
resume stopped command in foreground |
bg |
resume stopped command in background |
ctrl+d |
log out of current session |
crtl+w |
erases one word in current line |
ctrl+u |
erases whole line |
ctrl+r |
erases lookup of previous commands |
!! |
repeat last command |
exit |
log out of current session |
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