Vocabulary
variable |
holds a value and can be changed |
string |
a list of characters such as numbers, letters, symbols |
integer |
whole number/counting number. 100, -52 |
float |
the number in decimal. 100.01, -52.5 |
boolean |
true/false |
modulo |
find the remainder |
syntax |
grammar/structure of language |
Naming Conventions
Rules for naming variables:
- letters
- numbers
- underscores (_)
- can start with letters or underscores ONLY
- NO SPACES
Valid names:
- _mystr
- my3
Hello_there
Invalid names:
- 3my= "hi" -- cannot start with number
- first name = "hi" -- no spaces allowed
- first-name -- dashes are not accepted |
Addition
string + string |
combine together |
string + number |
CRASH! |
number + number |
addition (math) |
Multiplication & Exponents
string * string |
CRASH!! |
string * number |
combines the strings multiple time |
number * number |
math (multiply) |
string ** number |
CRASH!! |
number ** number |
exponent (math) |
string ** number |
CRASH!! |
Random Stuff
import random
intlist = [1,2,3,4,5]
random_int = random.choice(intlist)
print (intlist,random_int)
fplist = [3.5,4.02,5.55,9.65,7.02]
random_fp = random.choice(fplist)
print (fplist,random_fp)
strlist = ['dog','cat','monkey','elephant','squirrel']
random_list = random.choice(strlist)
print (strlist,random_list)
mylist = [1,3.2,'snow']
random_item = random.choice(mylist)
print (mylist,random_item)
myvar1 = 1
myvar2 = 2
myvar3 = 3
varlist = [myvar1,myvar2,myvar3]
random_var = random.choice(varlist)
print (varlist,random_var)
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Largest number in the list
def maxlist(list):
maxvalue = list[0]
for item in list:
if item > maxvalue:
maxvalue = item
return maxvalue
mylist = [1,2,3,4,55,66,777,0,1]
print(maxlist(mylist))
|
Largest of two numbers
def max2(num1, num2):
maxvalue = num1
if num2 > maxvalue:
maxvalue = num2
return maxvalue
print(max2(4,5))
print(max2(33,5))
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Function
print() |
displays information on the screen |
input() |
receives information from the user |
int() |
converts a value to an integer |
float() |
change number to be decimal number |
str() |
a list of number, letter and symbols |
len() |
the length of the string |
# |
comment, no effect |
""".................""" |
multiple line comment |
Symbols
= = |
equal to |
!= |
no equal to |
< |
less than |
> |
more than |
<= |
less than or equal to |
>= |
more than or equal to |
+ |
add |
- |
subtract |
* |
multiply |
/ |
divide and quotient is float |
// |
divide and quotient is integer |
** |
exponent |
% |
modulo: the remainder |
Sort word per line
mystr = "Hello"
letter_num = 0
while letter_num < len(mystr):
print (mystr[letter_num])
letter_num = letter_num + 1
|
Convert to binary
user_number = ' '
while True :
binary_string = ' '
user_number = input ("Enter a number to convert to binary")
number = int (user_number)
while (number > 0):
remainder = number%2
binary_string = str(remainder)+ binary_string
number = number//2
print ("Binary string is", binary_string)
|
Print Name
name = "tim GIRARD"
print (name.upper()) → TIM GIRARD
print (name.lower()) → tim girard
print (name.capitalize()) → Tim girard
print (name.title()) → Tim Girard
|
Area of circle code
def areaOfCircle (r):
if r <= 0:
return "Error: invalid radius"
pi = 3.1415
area = pi r * 2
return area
user_radius = float(input('Enter the radius:'))
print("The area of the circle is", areaOfCircle(user_radius))
|
Largest of three values
def max3(num1, num2, num3):
maxvalue = num1
if (num1 > num2) and (num1 > num3):
maxvalue = num1
elif (num2 > num1) and (num2 > num3):
maxvalue = num2
else: maxvalue = num3
return maxvalue
print (max3(1,2,50))
print (max3(51,2,50))
print (max3(1,255,50))
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Using Boolean
print(True)
print (2<3)
print (2 != 2)
|
Number to Hex
user_number = input("please enter a number: ")
number = int(user_number)
hex_string = ' '
while (number > 0):
remaider = number % 16
if remaider == 10:
remaider = 'A'
elif remaider == 11:
remaider = 'B'
elif remaider == 12:
remaider = 'C'
elif remaider == 13:
remaider = 'D'
elif remaider == 14:
remaider = 'E'
elif remaider == 15:
remaider = 'F'
hex_string = str(remaider) + str(hex_string)
number = number // 16
print ("Hexadecimal string is 0x", hex_string)
|
Area of Circle
"""
Python Intro Assignment #2
name
student number
"""
#Ask the user for a radius of a circle
user_radius = input("What is a radius of a circle?")
#Convert the given radius to a floating point
radius = float(user_radius)
#Make a variable called pi
pi = float(3.1415)
#Calculate the area of the circle using exponents
area = pi(radius*2)
#Display the area of the circle to the user
print ("The area of the circle is", area)
|
Sort fruit list
fruits = [] #an empty list
for number in range(5):
user_fruit= input("Please enter a fruit")
fruits.append(user_fruit)
print ("Size of fruit list is", len(fruits))
fruits.sort()
for fruit in fruits:
print ("Fruit: ", fruit)
for fruit in fruits:
print ("Fruit: ", fruit)
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Bracket codes
def myprint(text):
print ("" + str(text) + "")
return
myprint("1)
myprint("hi")
myprint("2.5")
def myprintnew(text, decoration):
print(decoration + str(text) + decoration)
return
myprintnew(1, "+++")
myprintnew('hello','||||||||||||||||')
myprintnew(1, "-------")
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Print Definition (Loop)
def printDefinitions(word):
if word == "variable":
print ("""
A variable is the vaule that can changes
""")
elif word == "function":
print ("""
A function is a block of code that can reuse
""")
elif word == "string":
print ("""
A String is a list of characters
""")
elif word == "parameter":
print ("""
A Parameter is something you give to the function
""")
elif word == "argument":
print ("""
An Argument is thing that give to function
""")
elif word == "function call":
print ("""
A Function call is to tell the function/code to run
""")
else:
print("Unknown word")
while True:
user_input = input("Enter words: ")
printDefinitions(user_input)
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