Revising for my Bio Test Cheat Sheet (DRAFT) by Joxtel

-All living things are made of cells

-New cells are created by old cells dividing into two

-Cells are the basic building units of life.

Remember (people, devide, build) or pbd

Unicel­lular:
single cell orginism
eg bacteria and archaea

Multic­ellular
multi cell orginism
eg Plants, mammals

cell organelle: euchlo­roplast
(makes energy for plants)

rough er
(has ribosomes, makes new protiens)

smooth er
(makes lipids, no ribosomes)

golgi apparatus
(prepars things to leave the cell, sorts)

mitoch­ondrion
(cell respir­ation, makes energy)

nucleus
(holds DNA and RNA)

vacuole
(stoage, gets rid of waste, controls homeos­tasis)

lysosome
(breaks down larger molecules)

necleolus
(creates ribosome)

Ribosomes
(makes protiens)

centrioles
(orginizes movement of chromo­somes, help in mitosis)

cytosk­eleton
(network of protiens, helps maintain cell shape)

flagellum
(for movement)

organelle found is pro:
pilus
(attach to things)

capsule
(sticky, helps keep cell moist)

cell wall
(protects cell and gives it shape)

plasma membrane
(doors, lets things enter and leave)

Nucleoid
(contains dna)

cytoplasm
(contains nutrients)

flagellum
(helps move)

ribosome
(makes protien)

nucleolus
(primaray source of ribosome biogen­esis, made of RNA and proteins)

nucleo­plasm
(keeps the shape of the nucleous and provides a substance for the nucleolus to float in)

nuclear pore
(allows small molecules and ions to pass in or out)

nuclear envelope
seperates the content of the nucleus and the rest of the cell)

Chromatin
(mix of DNA and Protiens that make chromo­somes, chrom- prefix)

Prokaryote
- no nucleus
- no cell membrane
-always unicel­lular
-no defined organelles
- thought to be older
-far smaller
-cell walls though
-smaller ribosomes

Bacteria and archaea
remember, "­older so less good, lacking everyw­her­e"

eukaryote
-definded nucleus
-defind organelles
-cell wall with chitin
-more complex
-usually bigger
-has DNA
-Larger Ribosomes


plant, animal, fungi
"­bigger more better type, has to be bigger cos its complex, like the 2.0 version


Both have
-DNA
-come from Mitosis
-can be unicel­lular
-Ribosomes
-Cell membranes
-Cytoplasm