Columbian ExchangeStarting with Europeans, mainly spaniards, coming to america | the "old world" presentsed more crops | brought deadly diseases with them: smallpox, measles, chickenpox, influenza, malaria, yellow fever | wheat, barley, rice, turnips | ^shows long term effects of the columbian exchange: killed off most of the native population |
Columbian ExchangeThe native people suffered from white brutality, alcoholism, & the killing & driving off of game previously used to sustain the population | ^^short term effects of the columbian exchange |
Social Hierarchy of americaviceroy | high ranking officials of the catholic church | peninsulares | pure spaniards that moved from spain to america | creoles | decedents of spaniards that were born in the new world | mestizos | spanish and native american children | Native americans | slaves | brought from the caribbean or africa |
Mexican revolutionthe spanish rewrote the hierarchy of power | put themselves at the top | 1535- vice royalty of new spain was created | new political structure, made spanish king the basis of power in the americas |
| | Mexican Revolution1910-1920 | partially caused by the treaty of tordesailles (1494) the treaty that gave the spanish control over all of the west except brazil | 25 million natives down to 1 million due to disease |
Early historysocieties in the north american & canadian region tended to be smaller & less sophisticated then Mexico & south america | this was due to the slowness of the northward spread of corn cultivation from Mexico | non sustainable food source = less people | lived in semi-permanent settlements in groups of around 300 people | men made tools & hunted while women gathered plants & nuts & grew crops | potential patricarchy, men dominated society |
Early historycultures of the native americans were very diverse | languages branched off to create more than 20 seperate language families | New mexico & arizona | lived in caves, under cliffs, & multistoreied buildings | Pacific coast | rich & diverse diet: hunting, fishing, gathering nuts, berries, & roots; carved totem poles to keep record of stories | Great plains | nomadic hunters & sedentary peoples, farmed & traded, lived in teepees: easily deconstruct-able for travel |
| | Early historyfirst people to arrive in the americas arrived arpund 40,000 years ago | migrated from Asia through the land bridge between Siberia and Alaska (is now under water) | | | Mayas | built extensive cities in the rainforests of the Yucatan Peninsula | Aztecs | prospered several centuries after the Mayas, created a powerful empire in central Mexico | Incas | based in peru, developed an extensive empire in south america | ^^all civilizations created highly developed societies | carried trade, and created calendars based on observation | farmed to create a sustainable food supply |
European explorationuntil the 1400's the continents had no knowledge of each other | Columbus' voyage across the atlantic finally connected people | the renaissance | a rebirth in classical learning in the 15th-16th centuries | ^made Columbus' voyage possible^ | innovations in technology included: | gunpowder, sailing compass, printing press |
| | Early explorationearly 1500s- chrisitans in germany, england, france, holland & other northern european countries revolted against the pope in rome | known as the protestant reformation | didnt think the pope should have supreme rule | resulted in a series of religious wars | catholics of different countries spread their versions of christianity to the people of africa, asia, & the americas |
Expanding tradeincreased competition among european kingdoms for trade to africa, india, & china | spurred exploration | Portugals Prince henry the navigator opened a sea route around africa's cape of good hope | |
Explorationspains expanding power was because of its explorers and conquistadores | they found large deposits of silver in the new world, which were then shipped back to spain | it made spain one of the richest and most powerful forces at the time | spanish created the encomienda system | king of spain gives grants of land & slaves to spaniards | natives do hard labor -> | benefits go to their spanish masters | in turn the natives are "protected" by their owners |
|
Created By
Metadata
Comments
No comments yet. Add yours below!
Add a Comment
Related Cheat Sheets