This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.
Built-in manuals and info
man <Command> |
Show manual for the command |
info <Command> |
Show wide info about the command (Can be secondary to man) |
<Command> --help |
Short command/tool usage |
System info
uname -a |
Show system and kernel version |
history |
Show current user bash commands history |
date |
Show current date and time |
cal |
Show calendar |
uptime |
Show system uptime |
df -h |
Show all mounted file systems |
du -h <Path> |
Show disk usage, to get better understanding what is taking all the disk space |
free -h |
Show available memory and usage |
which <Command> |
Show the binary/script location if it is under the $PATH |
top |
Show running processes on realtime |
ps -aux |
Capture all running processes and print in terminal |
dmesg |
Print or control the kernel ring buffer |
cat /var/log/syslog |
Show system logs |
journalctl |
Query the systemd journal |
Bash Variables
env |
Show environment variables |
echo $HOME |
Home directory |
echo $PATH |
Executable search path |
echo $SHELL |
Current shell |
Navigation
cd <Path> |
Change directory |
pwd |
Present/print working directory |
ls |
List directory contents |
ls -la |
Long list directory contents
and hidden files and wide info |
find /home/user -name '*.txt' |
Search and print
all the .txt files
under the user directory |
mount |
show or mount filesystems |
umount |
unmount file systems |
File manipulation
touch |
Update the file last modification date, if the file does not exist, touch will create a new file |
cp |
Copy files |
mv |
Move files, also used to rename a file |
rm |
Delete files or directories ( can be used with -r for recursive) |
mkdir |
Create new directory |
rmdir |
Delete directory (Only if empty) |
chmod |
Change file mode/permissions r=4 w=2 x=1 |
chown <owner:group> |
Change file ownership |
cat |
Print file content |
head |
Show first 10 lines of a file |
tail |
Show last 10 lines of a file |
tail -F |
Output last lines of the file as it changes |
file |
Show info about the file such as file type |
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Users and groups management
whoami |
Show current user |
sudo adduser <Username> |
Create a new user |
sudo userdel -rf <Username> |
Delete user ( Including the home directory ) |
sudo passwd <Username> |
Change user password |
id |
Show user uid, groups and info |
who |
Show current logged in users |
sudo usermod -aG <Group> <User> |
Add user to group |
sudo groupdel <Group> |
Delete group |
cat /etc/group |
List all groups |
cat /etc/passwd |
List all users |
IO Redirection
cmd < file |
Input to cmd from file |
cmd1 <(cmd2) |
Output of cmd2 as file input to cmd1 |
cmd > file |
stdout of cmd to file |
cmd > /dev/null |
Discard stdout of cmd |
cmd >> file |
Append stdout to file |
cmd 2> file |
stderr of cmd to file |
cmd 1>&2 |
stdout to same place as stderr |
cmd 2>&1 |
stderr to same place as stdout |
cmd &> file |
Every output of cmd to file |
cmd = Command
stdout = Standard output
stderr = Error output
Package management
dnf upgrade |
Upgrade a package or packages on your system |
dnf search <Package> |
Search package details for the given string |
dnf remove <Package> |
Remove a package or packages from your system |
dnf repolist |
Display the configured software repositories |
rpm -i <Package> |
Install rpm package |
rpm -e <Package> |
Uninstall rpm package |
Networking
ifconfig -a |
Show all network interfaces and more |
netstat |
Print network connections, routing tables, interface statistics, masquerade connections, and multi-cast memberships |
VIM Editor
:x + enter |
Save and quit |
:q! + enter |
exit, discard changes |
x |
Delete character |
i |
Insert text |
a |
append text |
dw |
Delete word |
d$ |
Delete to the end of the line |
0 (Zero) |
Move to the start of the line |
2w |
Jump 2 words |
d2w |
Delete 2 words |
dd |
Delete a whole line |
2dd |
Delete 2 whole lines |
u |
Undo previous actions |
U |
Undo all the changes on a line |
CTRL-R |
Undo the undo's |
r |
Replace character |
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