STYLE
Do not use contractions |
Use passive forms whenever possible |
Use relative clauses to join ideas: The period during which he lived was full of uncertainty |
Use these formal words: like such as / kids children |
a lot (of) many / a large number of + countable noun
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a lot (of) much / a great amount of / a great deal of + uncountable
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a lot (intensity) very much / significantly / dramatically
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Avoid using the word things / something, etc. Use a more specific word (problems, situation, solutions, subjects, and so on) |
Never omit the subject pronoun: Many people |
Do not use unnecessary subject pronouns: This is a problem which it is essential to solve |
Make sure the subject and the verb agree: Attracting tourists involves improving local facilities
(SINGULAR SUBJECT attracting tourists + SINGULAR VERB involves) |
Generally speaking
Annoyingly,… Naturally,… Strangely,… Surprisingly,… Evidently,… Indeed,… In fact,… Admittedly,… Presumably,… |
Evaluating ideas - Dismissing contrary arguments
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I think it is true that... |
I totally disagree with the point that... |
I totally agree with the point that... |
It is questionable whether .... |
I am sure whether.... |
It is true that....On the other hand, .... |
Although it is true that...., we must remember that.... |
I agree that.... However, ... |
It could be argued that....However, I would like to point out that.... |
Notwithstanding the claim that..., I would argue that.... |
It may be true that...., but all too often... |
In no way can I agree that... |
Surely it is completely unacceptable that.... |
In no way can I agree that... |
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Making an argument in writing
I will discuss two possible approaches to this issue |
I will discuss two advantages / priorities |
The first option to consider |
The first idea is to |
A second alternative / tactic |
Compared to |
Lead to |
I would argue that |
Not only... also |
In addition |
To sum up |
In my view / Overall |
First of all / To begin with / In the first place |
Firstly... Secondly.... Finally |
It is also important to note that |
In light of the results above |
Regarding _____ / According to my survey |
In terms of ____ / As for ____ |
Another example of .... is |
I have come to the conclusion that |
My final point is that |
One possible solution is |
What is more / Moreover |
A further point is |
I would like to make the following recommendations |
This proposal is intended to |
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FORMAL WRITING (Reports and proposals)
Introduction |
Generalising |
The main purpose/aim of (this report) is to outline/ |
On the whole,… |
present / discuss / examine / evaluate… |
This report (outlines/looks at)… |
This report is based on… |
Making recommendations and concluding
It is clear from customer feedback that… |
In light of the above, we believe the followingmeasures should be adopted… |
With regard to…, the general view seems to be… |
In the light of (this year’s experience),… |
In the short/long term, we suggest you should |
Perhaps the most effective way of… |
consider… |
If the (centre) is to attract more customers, it is |
My recommendations are as follows:… |
vital that… |
In my view, in future, we should… |
It would be a good idea to… |
To improve the situation, we recommend… |
It is (therefore) believed / obvious that…would be |
It is recommended that… |
Ideal for… |
To sum up,…To conclude,… |
It would (not) be advisable / practical to… |
I hope that the plan outlined/presented in this |
We suggest/propose that… |
Report meets with your approval… |
We suggest/propose + ing |
I hope that the recommendations outlined/ presented in this report will receive your serious consideration |
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