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Nursing Study Guide - Lead Poisoning Cheat Sheet by

Nursing Study Guide for Lead Poisoning in Pediatrics

General

Preven­table enviro­nmental health threat
Results in ↑ blood lead levels 5+ mcg/dL

Risk Factors

Imported candies
Paint in homes > 1978
Dust from window sills, walls, & plaster in old homes
Certain folk remedies for GI issues (arzacon)
Soil w/ past of cars that used leaded gas
Glazed pottery & staine­d-glass products
Old painted toys or furniture
Lead pipes supplying water
Parent clothing w/ manufa­cturing job

Diagno­stics

Serum Lead Levels
- ≥ 5 mcg/dL
Serum Lead Levels
- ≥ 70 mcg/dL = hospit­ali­zation
 

Signs & Symptoms

Cognitive impair­ments
Inatte­nti­veness, hypera­cti­vity, irrita­bility
- Misdia­gnosed as ADHD
Headaches
Hearing Problems
Language & speech problems
Stomach pain
↓ bone & muscle growth
Poor muscle coordi­nation
Seizures

Collab­orative Care & Meds

Chelation Therapy w/ defero­xamine
If lead > 70 mcg/dL + hospital
SQ infusion over several hrs
- At night if home
May d/c to PO defera­sirox if going home {nl} - PO once daily
 

Nursing Interv­entions

Perform risk assessment
- If (+) → send blood for lead levels
If lead levels > 70 mcg/dL → hospit­alize & begin chelation therapy, maybe dialysis
May need early interv­ention program for further eval & Tx of develo­pmental delays
Ensure lead removal of home & enviro­nment
Refer to develo­pmental centers

Education - Chelation Therapy

Ensure adequate fluid intake
Monitor I&O closely
Dissolve PO tablet in juice or water & admin once daily
                                                       
 

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