This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.
PROPERTIES OF WATER
POLARIY
- Water has positive and negative "ends
- This properties allows cohesion, adhesion, surface tension |
Adhesion
- ability of water to stick to other molecules |
Cohesion
- ability of water to stick to itself (other water molecules) |
High Specific Heat
- ability of water to resist temperature change |
Surface Tension
- the tension of the surface film of a liquid caused by the attraction of the particles in the surface layer. |
Water is a UNIVERSAL SOLVENT
-Water is capable of dissolving a variety of different substances |
Capillary Action
- is the ability of a liquid to flow in narrow spaces without the assistance of, or even in opposition to gravity |
Water's abilities are due to its polarity creating hydrogen bonds |
Water Molecule
Notice that the Oxygen is Negative and the Hydrogens are Positive
Vocabulary
Solutes |
the minor component in a solution, dissolved in the solvent. |
Solvents |
the liquid in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution. |
Solution |
a liquid mixture in which the minor component (the solute) is uniformly distributed within the major component (the solvent). |
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Why is this important for the real world?
The properties of water make it suitable for organisms to survive in during differing weather conditions. |
Ice freezes as it expands, which explains why ice is able to float on liquid water. |
During the winter when lakes begin to freeze, the surface of the water freezes and then moves down toward deeper water; this explains why people can ice skate on or fall through a frozen lake. |
If ice was not able to float, the lake would freeze from the bottom up killing all ecosystems living in the lake. |
However ice floats, so the fish are able to survive under the surface of the ice during the winter. |
The surface of ice above a lake also shields lakes from the cold temperature outside and insulates the water beneath it, allowing the lake under the frozen ice to stay liquid and maintain a temperature adequate for the ecosystems living in the lake to survive. |
Enzymes - ASE
Enzymes are proteins that act as catalyst to speed up chemical reactions |
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Biochemistry
All ORGANIC compounds must contain Carbon (C). |
The MACROMOLECULES
CARBOHYDRATES
C H O
ends in -OSE |
Monomer - Monosaccharide (Glucose)
Polymer - Polysaccharide (Starch)
Main source of fast energy |
PROTEINS
C H O N |
Monomer - Amino Acids
Polymer - Polypeptides
Used for structure, to trasnport things in/out of cell and as a catalyst to speed up reactions - enzyme |
LIPIDS (Fats)
C H O |
Monomer - Fatty Acids
Used to store energy, create insulation and water proofing, in membranes, hydrophobic
Fats, Oils Waxes |
NUCLEIC ACIDS
C H O N P |
Monomer - NUCLEOTIDES
DNA and RNA
Stores and transmits genetic information |
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