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science review Cheat Sheet (DRAFT) by

This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.

Scientific Method

Vocabu­lary:
Defini­tion:
Problem
when data is gathered to fix
Hypothesis
an educated guess
Procedure
collecting data and testing the hypothesis
Indepe­ndent variable
causes a change in the dependent variable
Dependent variable
the thing that's being tested
Constant
an unchanged aspect of an experiment
Control
a group used for comparison
Data
inform­ation that gather while doing an expirment
Analyze
the process of discovery in an experiment
Conclusion
summarize how your inform­ation supports you hypothesis
Quanti­tat­ive­/Qu­ali­tative
the mathem­atical part of the experiment

Energy Resources

Fracking
is a drilling technology that is used to extract oils

Infectious Diseases

Eukaryote
includes all organisms except bacteria
Prokaryote
an organism who's cells don't have a nucleus
Binary Fission
when a single cell divides into a identical copies of itself
Spores
a cell that certain plants produce
Pathogen
is a bacteria that can cause a disease
 

Hydrology- Freshwater

Hydros­phere
all the waters on the earth's surface, such as lakes and seas, and sometimes including water over the earth's surface, such as clouds.
Watershed (River Basin)
a ridge of high land dividing two areas that are drained by different river systems
Aquifer
an underg­round layer of water-­bearing permeable rock
Permeable Soil
soil that transmits water and air
Imperm­eable Soil
doesn't allow water to penetrate
EPA
Enviro­nmental Protection Agency
Aeration
when air comes in contact with a material
Coagul­ation
the action or process of a liquid, escpec­ially blood, changing to a solid or semi-sold

Chemistry

Valence Electrons
an outer shell electron
Catalyst
a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction
Inhibitor
a substance that decreases the chemical reaction
Metalloids
shows some properties of metals and nonmetals
 

Hydrology- Oceans

Cyanob­acteria
bacteria that obtain their energy through photos­ynt­hesis
Upwelling
which deep, cold water rises toward the surface
Hydrot­hermal Vent
an opening in the sea floor out of which heated minera­l-rich water flows.
Intertidal Zone
an area where the ocean meets the land between high and low tides
Coriolis Effect
earth's spin around its axis
Salinity
is defined as the grams of salt per 1000 grams of water

Earth History

Unconf­ormity
when two rocks have contact in which the upper rock is usually younger that the lower rock

Evolution

Phenotype
a charac­ter­istic or trait
Cenozoic
the 3rd major era of earth's history beginning about 66 million years ago and extending to the present
Mesozoic
the most recent time era of earth's history and about 65 million years ago to the present
Paleozoic
about 542 million years ago to 251 million years ago
Precam­brian
about 4.6 billion years ago
Homologous Structure
different species with common ancestors
Embryo­logical Simila­rities
the study of embryos
Vestigial Organs
structures that function normally in other species