Therapeutic Use
Type 2 diabetes mellitus, with or without drug therapy with insulin, a sulfonylurea, or metformin (Glucophage) |
Adverse Drug Reactions
Gastrointestinal effects (distention, flatus, hyperactive bowel sounds, diarrhea) |
Hypoglycemia (combination therapy with insulin or a sulfonylurea) |
Liver dysfunction |
Anemia |
Nusing Interventions
Monitor hyperactive bowel sounds, distention, and diarrhea. |
Report persistent gastric distress. |
Monitor for signs of hypoglycemia (diaphoresis, tachycardia, fatigue, excessive hunger, tremors). |
Measure liver enzymes at baseline, every 3 months for the first year, and periodically thereafter. |
Stop drug therapy for indications of liver injury. |
Monitor CBC |
Watch for indications of anemia (pallor, fatigue, shortness of breath). |
Recommend iron-rich foods and supplements accordingly. |
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Drug Administration
Give with the first bite of food, three times a day. |
Tell clients who skip a meal to also skip the dose usually taken with that meal and to take only one dose at the next meal. |
Patient Education
Warn client about the gastric side effects of alpha- glucosidase inhibitors. |
Follow the diet regimen recommended by the provider. |
Wear a medical alert bracelet. |
Report dark urine, abdominal pain, vomiting, or fatigue. |
Report pallor, fatigue, or shortness of breath. |
Watch for and report symptoms of hypoglycemia. |
Test blood glucose to confirm |
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Consume oral (Glucotabs) if necessary |
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Retest in 15 min and repeat if still low. |
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Carry dextrose tablets at all times. |
Contraindications
Gastrointestinal disorders (such as inflammatory bowel disease), obstruction, ulceration |
Precautions
Hepatic impairment |
Gastrointestinal distress |
Not typically used in U.S. |
Interactions
Insulin and sulfonylureas increase the risk of hypoglycemia. |
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