Cheatography
https://cheatography.com
The Respiration System and Ventillation
The process of breathing out |
Disease caused by smoking |
1. Intercostal muscles and diaphragm realx. |
1. It can cause cancer |
2. Throrax volume decreases |
2. It can cause lung diseases by damiging your airways and the alvioli found in the lungs |
3. Air is forced out |
3. It affects the heart and blod vessesl |
Aerobic Respiration in plants
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2 |
Internal Structure of a Leaf
Adaptation of leaves
1. Leaves are broad so there's large surface area exposed to light |
2. Most of the chloroplasts are found in the palisade layer so it can get the most light |
3. The upper epidemis is transparent so that light can pass through it to the palisade layer |
4. Leaves have a network of vascular bundles which deliver water and it helps support the leaf structure |
5. The waxy cuticle helps to reduce water loss by evaporation |
Rate of Photosynthesis
Light |
Carbon Dioxide |
Temperature |
Chlorophyll uses light energy to perform photosynthesis |
CO2 is one of the raw materials needed for photosynthesis |
Temperature affects the rate of photosynthesis because it affects the enzymes involved |
Experiment to measure the rate of p/s
Pathogens
Pathogens are microorganisms that cause disease e.g certain types of bacteria and viruses |
Plants, Animals and Bacteria
Plants |
Animals |
Bacteria |
Multicellular |
Multicellular |
Single-celled and microscopic |
Have chloroplasts which means they can photosynthesise |
No chloroplast |
Some can photosynthesise |
They have cell walls made out of cellulose |
No cell walls |
No nucleus |
Store carbohydrates as sucrose or starch |
Store carbohydrates as glycogen |
They feed off other organisms - both living and dead |
| |
Most have nervous coordination and can move around. |
They have circular chromosomes of DNA |
|
|
Osmosis
Osmosis is the net mocement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a region of higher water consentration to a region of lower water concentration |
Active Transport
Active Transport is the net movement of particles against a concentration gradient using energy released during respiration. Oxygen is essential because of respiration |
Test for Glucose and Starch
Benedict's test for Glucose |
Iodine test for Starch |
- Add Benedict's reagent (blue) to a sample and heat it. Make sure the solution doesn't boil. |
- Just add iodine solution to the test sample |
■ If Glucose is present it will form a coloured precipitate |
■ If starch is present the sampe changes from browny-yellow to blue-black colour |
■ Blue -> Green -> Yellow -> Orange -> Brick Red |
■ If there is no starch it stays browny-yellow |
Mineral Ions
Nitrates |
Potassium |
Contain nitrogen for making amino acids and proteins. These are needed for cell growth. |
To help the enzymes needed for photosynthesis and respiration. |
Variables
Independent |
Dependent |
The variable you CHANGE |
The variable you MEASURE |
Factors
Biotic |
Abiotic |
Living |
Non-Living |
CORMMSS
Change |
Organism |
Repeat |
Measure x 2 |
Same x 2 |
|
Created By
Metadata
Favourited By
Comments
No comments yet. Add yours below!
Add a Comment
Related Cheat Sheets