Structure
Spherical Shaped |
Enveloped virus |
One lipid membrane |
Outer layer |
Corrugated due to protrusions |
Internal Core |
Dumbbell shaped |
Lateral bodies |
Two present in the concavities between outer layer and Core |
Outer core wall |
Palisade structure with T shaped spike proteins |
Inner Core wall |
Smooth |
Proteins for Attachment and Entry
Attachment |
A17, A25, A26, A27, D8, H3 |
Entry Entry Fusion Complex |
A16, A21, A28, F9, G3, G9, H2, I2, J5, L1, L5, O3 |
proteins with enzymatic activities
Redox active proteins |
E10, A2.5, and G4 |
Phosphorylation |
Kinase- F10 & B1 |
Dephosphorylation |
Phosphotase - H1 |
Proteolytic processing |
proteinase - I7 |
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Genome Organisation
Terminal Regions |
Has ITRs with secondary hairpin loop structures that connect two DNA strands and contains the variable genes that are responsible for host cell interactions |
Central Regions |
Conserved genes responsible for replication and morpho‐ genesis |
Replication steps
Attachment |
Entry |
Early gene transcription |
Replication |
Intermediate gene transcription |
late gene transcription |
Assembly |
Release |
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Proteins For Replication
Early Gene Proteins |
Inducing proliferation of neighb‐ ouring cells |
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Counteracting host immune defences |
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Some proteins can induce a second uncoating reaction thereby releasing the viral genome from the core |
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Mediating replication of the genome |
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Protiens In Replication |
Viral DNA polymerase |
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Helicase-primase |
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Uracil DNA glycosylase |
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Single-stranded DNA-binding protein |
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DNA ligase |
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Holliday junction resolvase |
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Proteins In Transcription |
RNA polymerase |
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ETF |
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Capping enzyme |
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VITF-3 |
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VLTF-1, VLTF-2, VLTF-3, VLTF4 |
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Release factor Elongation factor |
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Poly(A) polymerase |
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DNA topoisomerase |
Pathogenesis
Entry through skin |
Entry through respiratory tract |
Replication in Malpighian layer of epidermis, fibroblasts and histocytes |
Replication in alveolar macrophages and small bronchioles |
Entry into lymphatic system |
Entry into systemic circulation |
The virus moves from the regional lymphatics to the bloodstream to cause primary viremia. |
And then multiplies in the spleen, liver, bone marrow, and other reticuloendothelial organs. |
After this, a second viremic period ensues, followed by seeding of distant sites, specially the skin, and generation of the characteristic generalized rash. |
An eruption begins, with lesions forming macules, papules, vesicles, pustules, and crusts to scar formation from days 6 to 23 of the infection. |
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