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Physics GCSE Paper 2 Cheat Sheet by

This is a chest sheet I made for revision for my GCSEphysics paper 2. My exam board is OCR Gateway :)

P6.1 - Radioa­ctive Emissions, Atoms and isotopes

The nuclei of atoms of atoms contain protons and neutrons. (The table shows the masses and charges of each subatomic particle.) An element is defined by how many rooms it contains. If there are more or less electrons than protons, then it is an ion. If there more or less neutrons than the relative atomic mass number indicates, then it is an isotope of that element. Isotopes have different nucleus mass because neutrons have a relative atomic mass of 1.
Key words glossary
subatomic particle - protons, neutrons and electrons. Together, they make up atoms.
ion - charged particles.
isotope - atom with a different number of neutrons but the same amount of protons. For example, carbon-12 has 12 subatomic particles in the nucleus.

Fig. 1

Subatomic particle
Relative Mass
Relative Charge
protons
1.0
+1
neutrons
1.0
0
electron
0.0005 (or 0)
-1

Fig. 2

Radiation
Type
Symbol
What is it?
Equation Symbol
alpha
particle
α
Helium atom nucleus
beta
particle
β
Fast-m­oving electron
gamma
EM wave
γ
EM wave type
none
neutron
particle
n
Particle from the nucleus
 

Calcul­ating number of subatomic particles

Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
Atomic number
Relative atomic number
Relative atomic mass - Atomic number
 

P6.1.1 - Radioa­ctive Emissions, Alpha, Beta, Gamma

Some atoms have unstable nuclei. This causes them to emit radiation. They are then radioa­ctive. (See Fig.2)
 

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