This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.
Verb Conjugationêtre (to be) | | -er | je suis | nous sommes | e | ons | tu es | vous êtes | es | ez | il/elle/on est | ils/elles sont | e | ent | | | avoir (to have) | | -ir | j'ai | nous avons | is | issons | tu as | vous avez | is | issez | il/elle/on a | ils/elles ont | it | issent | | | passé composé | | -re | -er | é | s | ons | -ir | i | s | ez | -re | u | -/t | ent |
personal pronounssubj | reflex | DO | je | me | me | tu | te | te | il/elle/on | se | le/la/l' | nous | nous | nous | vous | vous | vous | ils/elles | se | les | _ | _ | en | IO | stress | posses. | me | moi | mien(ne) | te | toi | tien(ne) | lui | lui/elle | sien(ne) | nous | nous | nôtre(s) | vous | vous | vôtre(s) | leur | eux/elles | leur(s) | y |
y is only for places or things | | Kaufke's Rulesne and pas go around the conjugated verb | subject pronoun goes behind the cv when inverting | passé composé with être: agreement is between subject and past participle | pronouns come closest to the verb | direct object pronoun goes in front of verb carrying meaning | passé composé with avoir: agreement is between direct object and past participle only when DO precedes PP | pronouns go in order from which is closest to verb except when both begin with "l", then alphabetical order |
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