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10th grade radiation Cheat Sheet (DRAFT) by

Radiation cheat sheet on isotopes, 3 types of radiation, half-life and nuclear reactions

This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.

Electr­oma­gnetic radiation

Electr­oma­gnetic radiation
waves created by vibration of electric charge wave = electric a/ magnetic components
 
ex. radio, microw­aves, light
 
ionizing radiation can cause atoms to lose e- a/ become ions - leads to cancer
 

Isotopes

Isotope
An element with the same # protons but different # neutrons
 
# protons/ atomic number stays the same, # neutrons atomic mass can change
Unstable or stable
If the protons and neutrons are mostly balanced then its most likely stable
 
can only be off by 1
 

3 types of radiation

Alpha
Big, slow, larger than beta/ gamma
 
take away 4 from the atomic mass
 
take away 2 from the atomic number
 
226 Ra 88 = 222 Rn 86 + 4 x 2 (or 4 He 2)
Beta
fast, small, can penetrate, not far
 
leave atomic mass alone but +1 for the atomic number
 
131 I 53 = 131 Xe 54 + 0 B -1
Gamma
not a particle, high energy rays (short wavele­ngths) travels at speed light
 
leave everything the same

3 types of radiation

Name
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Greek letter
x
B
y
Symbol
4 x 2
0 e -1
0 y 0
Compos­ition
4 neutrons 2protons
1 electron
energy
Charge
+2
-1
0
Stopped by
paper, skin, clothing
Aluminum foil
something thick
For the symbols its meant to look like atomic notion first number on the top second number on the bottom.

3 types of radiation stopped by