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Prostate Cancer Cheat Sheet Cheat Sheet (DRAFT) by

This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.

One Minute Pitch

The study of the tumor microe­nvi­ronment expands the unders­tanding of the role of the tumor microe­nvi­ronment in cancer initia­tion, progre­ssion and metast­ases. Examin­ation of the TME offers a more compre­hensive unders­tanding of the compos­ition of the stroma in normal tissues, with the goal of deline­ating the mechanisms of tumor-­stromal intera­ctions in cancer.

Prostate Cancer Related Probes

ACACA AKT1 APC AR ARNTL BCL2 CAMKK1 CAMSAP1 CASP3 CAV1 CAV2 CCNA1 CCND1 CCND2 CDH1 CDKN2A CLN3 CREB1 DAXX DKK3 DLC1 ECT2 EDNRB EGFR EGR3 ERG ETV1 FASN FOXO1 GNRH1 GPX3 GSTP1 HAL HMGCR IGF1 IGFBP5 IL6 KLHL13 KLK3 LGALS4 LOXL1 MAPK1 MAX MGMT MKI67 MSX1 MTO1 NDRG3 NFKB1 NKX3-1 NRIP1 PDLIM4 PDPK1 PES1 PPP2R1B PRKAB1 PTEN PTGS1 PTGS2 RARB RASSF1 RBM39 SCAF11 SEPT7 SFRP1 SLC5A8 SOCS3 SOX4 SREBF1 STK11 SUPT7L TFPI2 TIMP2 TIMP3 TMPRSS2 TNFRSF10D TP53 VEGFA ZNF185

Applic­ations

Reacti­vation of WNT by SOX9 drives PCa: SOX9 has been implicated in PCa but the SOX9-d­epe­ndent genes and pathways involved are not well known. Ma et al. used SOX9 ChIP-Seq and transc­riptome profiling to identify the spectrum of SOX9-r­elated genes and pathways in PCa. RNAscope® ISH validated the microarray results in human PCa samples and showed that SOX9 levels correlated with WNT pathway compon­ents. http:/­/bi­t.l­y/2­q9JrDB
Correl­ation of the lncRNA SChLAP1 with PCa disease progre­ssion: Mehra et al. used RNAscope® ISH to demons­trate that PCa patients with high expression of the lncRNA SChLAP1 had a signif­icantly higher chance of developing lethal disease, suggesting SChLAP1 could be a tissue­-based prostate cancer biomarker. http:/­/bi­t.l­y/2­qHzfFn
Identi­fic­ation of the cellular locali­zation of the secreted factor IL6 in PCa: IL6 is known to contribute to the develo­pment and/or progre­ssion of PCa. Yu et al. used RNAscope® ISH to reveal that IL6 expression was nearly exclus­ively restricted to the prostate stromal compar­tment. http:/­/bi­t.l­y/2­qOGp93

Marketing Materials

Recorded Webinar: "­Elu­cid­ating tumor hetero­geneity in prostate cancer by combined IHC & novel RNA ISH" presented by Nallasivam Palani­samy, PhD, Associate Scientist Department of Urology Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI.
Spotlight Interview: Interview with Dr Rohit Mehra: "­Rea­lising the potential of Ion noncoding RNA as a cancer biomarker - From NGS discovery to validation with RNA In Situ Hybrid­iza­tio­n"
Spotlight Interview: Interview with Dr Nallasivam Palani­samy: "­Dev­elo­pment of Prostate Cancer Person­alized Medicine - Advancing analysis of prostate tumor molecular hetero­geneity by combined immuno­his­toc­hem­istry and novel RNA in situ hybrid­iza­tio­n"
Related public­ations: http:/­/bi­t.l­y/2­rtjsem

Special Case: AR-V7 - CRPC

Despite removal of the prostate and a reduction in androgen levels, some cases of prostate cancer still rely on androgen signaling
--> Known as castra­tio­n-r­esi­stant prostate cancer (CRPC)
Many drug therapies for CRPC focus on attenu­ating androgen pathway
--> Enzalu­tamide and Abirat­erone
20-40% of CRPC patients have no response to these drugs
--> Referred to as drug-r­esi­stant CRPC or androg­en-­ind­epe­ndent CRPC
Correl­ation between drug-r­esi­stant CRPC patients and AR-V7 status
 

BaseScope and RNAscope probes for AR detection

AR-V7 Detection Methods