Cheatography
https://cheatography.com
It contains all the Unix Terminal Commands
Bash Commands
date |
Show system date |
uptime |
Show uptime |
uname -a |
Show system and kernel |
whoami |
Show your username |
finger user |
Display information about user |
cat /proc/cpuinfo |
Cpu information |
cat /proc/meminfo |
Memory information |
head -n1 /etc/issue |
Show distribution |
mount |
Show mounted filesystems |
man command |
Show manual for command |
export NAME=value |
Set $NAME to value |
$PATH |
Executable search path |
$HOME |
Home Directory |
$SHELL |
Current Shell |
ls Options
-a |
Show all (including hidden) |
-R |
Recursive list |
-r |
Reverse order |
-t |
Sort by last modified |
-S |
Sort by file size |
-l |
Long listing format |
-1 |
One file per line |
-m |
Comma-separated output |
-Q |
Quoted output |
SSH
ssh user@host |
Connect to host as user |
ssh -p port user@host |
Connect to host on port as user |
ssh-copy-id user@host |
Add your key to host for user to enable a keyed or passwordless login |
Process Management
ps |
Show snapshot of processes |
top |
Show real time processes |
kill pid |
Kill process with id pid |
pkill name |
Kill process with name name |
killall name |
Kill all processes with names beginning with name |
fg |
Brings the most recent job to foreground |
fg -n |
Brings job n to the foreground |
IO Redirection
cmd < file |
Input of cmd from file |
cmd < (cmd2) |
Output of cmd2 as file input to cmd1 |
cmd > file |
Standard output (stdout) of cmd to file |
cmd > /dev/null |
Discard stdout of cmd |
cmd > > file |
Append stdout to file |
cmd2 > file |
Error output (stderr) of cmd to file |
cmd1 > &2 |
stdout to same place as stderr |
cmd2 > &1 |
stderr to same place as stdout |
cmd &> file |
Every output of cmd to file |
Bash Shortcuts
CTRL-c |
Stop current command |
CTRL-z |
Sleep program |
CTRL-a |
Go to start of line |
CTRL-e |
Go to end of line |
CTRL-u |
Cut from start of line |
CTRL-k |
Cut to end of line |
CTRL-r |
Search history |
!! |
Repeat last command |
!abc |
Run last command starting with abc |
!abcp |
Print last command starting with abc |
!$ |
Last argument of previous command |
ALT-. |
Last argument of previous command |
!* |
All arguments of previous command |
abc123 |
Run previous command, replacing abc with 123 |
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Directory Commands
pwd |
Show current directory |
mkdir dir |
Make directory dir |
cd dir |
Change directory to dir |
cd .. |
Go up a directory |
ls |
List files |
ls -al |
Formatted listing with hidden files |
rm file |
Delete file |
cp file1 file2 |
Copy file1 to file2 |
cp -r dir1 dir2 |
Copy dir1 to dir2; create dir2 if it doesn't exist |
mv file1 file2 |
Rename or move file1 to file2 if file2 is an existing directory, moves file1 into directory file2 |
touch |
Create or update file |
cat |
View file contents |
more |
Output the contents of file |
head |
Output the first 10 lines of file |
tail |
Output the last 10 lines of file |
tail -f |
Output the contents of file as it grows, starting with the last 10 lines |
Searching
grep pattern files |
Search for pattern in files |
grep -r pattern dir |
Search recursively for pattern in dir |
grep -i |
Case insensitive search |
grep -r |
Recursive search |
grep -v |
Inverted search |
grep -o |
Show matched part of file only |
locate file |
Find all instances of file |
find /dir/ -user name |
Find files owned by name in dir |
find /dir/ -mmin num |
Find files modified less than num minutes ago in dir |
whereis command |
Find binary / source / manual for command |
File Permissions
chmod 775 file |
Change mode of file to 775 |
chmod -R 600 folder |
Recursively chmod folder to 600 |
chown user.group file |
Change file owner to user and group to group |
First digit is owner permission, second is group and third is everyone. |
Calculate permission digits by adding numbers below. |
4 |
read (r) |
2 |
write (w) |
1 |
execute (x) |
Network
ping host |
Ping host and output results |
whois domain |
Get whois information for domain |
dig domain |
Get DNS information for domain |
dig -x host |
Reverse lookup host |
wget file |
Download file |
wget -c file |
Continue a stopped download |
NANO Shortcuts
Files |
CTRL-R |
Read file |
CTRL-O |
Save file |
CTRL-X |
Close file |
Cut and Paste |
ALT-A |
Start marking text |
CTRL-K |
Cut marked text or line |
CTRL-U |
Paste text |
Navigate File |
ALT-/ |
End of file |
CTRL-A |
Beginning of line |
CTRL-E |
End of line |
CTRL-C |
Show line number |
CTRL-_ |
Go to line number |
Search File |
CTRL-W |
Find |
ALT-W |
Find next |
CTRL-\ |
Search and replace |
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