This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.
Data Type Summary
Numeric (Integer) |
Store whole number values |
Numeric (Float) |
Store decimal number values |
Numeric (Complex) |
Stores complex number values |
Boolean |
Stores true (or false) values (in an integer) |
String |
Stores an ordered sequence of alphanumeric character values |
Tuple |
Stores an ordered sequence of immutable data values. () |
Lists |
Stores an ordered sequence of mutable data values. [] |
Dictionaries |
Stores key value pairs (mappings) {} |
Set |
Stores an unordered collection of unique and immutable objects |
Slices
[x:y] |
Slices from index x up to index y (up to!) |
[x:] |
Slices from index x to last index in the set |
[:y] |
Slices from the first index up to index y |
[:] |
Slices the entire set |
[-1] |
Slices the last item from the set |
[:-x] |
Slices everything except the last x items from the set. (generalized) |
[x:y:z] |
Slices from index x up to index y (up to!), by step z |
Arithmetic Operations
+ |
Addition (or string concatenation) |
- |
Subtraction or Negation |
* |
Multiplication (or string repetition) |
/ |
Division |
% |
Modulus |
** |
Exponential |
// |
Floor Division (integer) |
Logical Operators
and |
Logical And |
or |
Logical Or |
not |
Logical Not |
Simple Function
def MaxFunc(x,y):
if x>y:
return x
else:
return y
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Bitwise Operators
<< |
Shift left |
>> |
Shift Right |
& |
Binary AND |
| |
Binary OR |
~ |
Binary NOT |
^ |
Binary XOR |
Don't confuse binary not with logical not!
Membership Operators
x in y |
True if the value x can be found in y. |
x not in y |
True if the value x can not be found in y. |
Identity Operators
x is y |
True if x and y are variables that reference the same data underneath! |
x is not y |
Only true if x and y are independent. They may have the same value! |
Identity operators verify that the variables are located on the same part of the memory.
Assignment Operators
x = y |
Simple assignment x=y |
x += y |
x=x+y |
x -= y |
x=x-y |
x *= y |
x=x*y |
x /= y |
x=x/y |
x %= y |
x=x%y |
x //= y |
x=x//y |
x **=y |
x=x**y |
x &=y |
x=x & y |
x|=y |
x=x | y |
x^=y |
x=x^y |
x>>=y |
x=x >> y |
x<<=y |
x=x << y |
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Sample If Statement
if crew_age < 10:
rank = junior
elif age < 18:
rank = ensign
else:
rank = commander |
List Operations
Creating an list |
crew = ['Spock','McCoy'] |
Getting first item from the list |
first = crew[0] |
Get the last item from the list |
last = crew[-1] |
Looping through the list |
for person in crew:
print(person) |
Adding items to a list |
crew.append('Kirk') |
Slicing a list |
human=crew[1:2] |
Pointer to a list (same data) |
crew2=crew |
Duplicate of the list (copy of data) |
duplicate=crew[:] |
Dictionaries
Creating a dictionary |
example_dictionary = {1:"Orange",2:"Apple",3:"Banana",4:"Peach",5:"Pear"} |
Accessing a value |
print (example_dictionary[2]) |
Adding a new key-value pair |
example_dictionary[15]="Plum" |
Looping through all key-value pairs |
for key in example_dictionary:
print(key,example_dictionary[key]) |
Looping through all keys |
for key in example_dictionary.keys():
print("Key:",key) |
Looping through all values |
for value in example_dictionary.values():
print("Value:",value) |
Simple while loop
i=0
while i<10:
i=i+1
print("loop - iteration #",i)
print("Done") |
Loop control
break |
immediate exit of loop |
continue |
resumes at test condition of the loop |
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