Cheatography
https://cheatography.com
This cheat sheet is quick reference guide to many of the different cell types in the human body summarized in a single page. Hope this helps for anyone new to the field! The NIH Nation Cancer Institute Dictionary of Cancer terms is a great resource.
This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.
There are over 200 Cell Types!
Not all cell types will be covered here, but this should give a decent overview for the key ones in a single page. |
Cell Type Suffixes (end of word)
-blast |
builds or deposits the surrounding environment |
-clast |
destroys the matrix surrounding the cell |
-cyte |
maintain the surrounding environment |
-genitor |
produces cells; undifferentiated cell that will develop into the specified cell type |
-phils |
"loving"/ wants to attack |
**Does not go will all prefixes!
Some Cell Prefixes (Beginning of Word)
Astro- |
star-shaped cell that holds neurons |
Aden- |
gland |
Adipo- |
fat |
Cardio- |
heart |
Chondro- |
cartilage |
Erythro- |
red blood |
Fibro- |
connective tissue; extracellular matrix |
Hemo- |
blood |
Hepato- |
liver |
Keratin- |
Produce keratin in the skin |
Leuko- |
white blood |
Lipo- |
fat |
Lymph- |
white blood/immune |
Melano- |
melanin producing in the skin |
Myo- |
muscle |
Oligodendro- |
myelin sheath depositing around axons |
Osteo- |
bone |
NOTE Not an exhaustive list and they may not match with the suffixes. Use this as a quick reference when reading
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Stem Cells
Allogeneic |
Single cell stock or source expanded to be given to many patients |
Autologous |
Derived from the patient and given to the same patient |
Embryonic |
Derived from the human embryos, pluripotent |
Hematopoetic |
Stem cells that can differentiate into red blood cell, white blood cells, or platelets, but nothing else |
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSC) |
engineered in the lab by converting tissue-specific cells into cells that behave like embryonic stem cells |
Mesenchymal |
Cells isolated from the stroma or the connective tissue that surrounds other tissues and organs. |
Somatic |
Tissue-specific or adult stem cells |
Immune Cells (White blood cells)
B cell |
Makes antibodies |
CAR T |
T cells engineered with chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) to fight off cancer. |
Dendritic Cell |
boosts immune responses by showing antigens on its surface |
Mast |
found in connective tissues all through the body. Causes allergic reactions. |
Macrophage |
surrounds and kills microorganisms, removes dead cells, and stimulates the action of other immune system cells in tissue. |
Monocytes |
Monocytes turn into macrophage or dendritic cells when an invading germ or bacteria |
T cell |
develop from stem cells in the bone marrow. Protect the body from infection and may help fight cancer. |
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Other Common Cell Types With Their Own Name
Basal |
cells are in the lower part of the epidermis |
Chondrocytes |
Cells that Make up cartilage |
Chromaffin |
A type of cell that makes neurohormones |
Endothelial |
Lining of blood vessels |
Epithelial |
cover the inside and outside of the surfaces of the body |
Glial |
Support cell for neurons |
Islet |
pancreatic cell that produces hormones |
Somatic |
Any cells except the reproductive (germ) cells. |
Squamos |
flat cells in the upper (outer) part of the epidermis, which are constantly shed as new ones form |
Stromal |
A type of cell that makes up certain types of connective tissue. |
Transitional |
A cell that varies in shape depending on whether the tissue is being stretched. Line hollow organs like liver. |
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