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Biology- chapter= respiratory system Cheat Sheet (DRAFT) by

Bio cheat sheet elementray school

This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.

Intro

We all get energy from food.
Food stores energy in the form of chemical energy in its nutrients.
Our body extracts chemical energy by oxidation of food materials.
During oxidation, oxygen helps in the breakdown of food thus, liberating energy and giving out carbon dioxide with the waste produc­t.-So this means that oxygen breakes down food into simpiler parts and liberating energy (energy which is released) releases the carbon dioxide with the waste product.
This process of energy production occurs all day
Digested food + oxygen = energy + waste produc­ts-So here digested food is getting combined with oxygen which creates energy. and the lebrating energy thus relases the waste product so it talks about the combin­ation of these symptoms.

trachea ( windpipe )

Trachea emerges from the larynx below the neck.The opening of trachea is called glotti­s.The glottis is guarded by thin flap called epiglo­tti­s.E­pig­lottis closes the glottis and prevents the food from entering the windpipe during swallo­win­g.The trachea is supported by c-shaped rings of cartilage. these rings prevent trachea from collapsing in the absence of air.The inner side of trachea is lined by ciliated epithe­lium. the cilia helps to expel the unwanted particles from the wind pipe.
So the trachea emerges or starts out from the larynx below the neck. the glottis ( opening at the top of trachea) is guarded by a thin flap ( thin flap is a tissue) called epiglo­ttis. epiglottis is the reson which covers the glottis to stop food to go to the wrong pipe. the c shaped ring prevents the trachea to explode. the ciliated epithelium helps expel or remove unwanted toxic particles in windpipe.
 

Charac­ter­istics of respir­ation

Charac­ter­isctics of respir­ation are: 1- food is used up 2- energy is produced 3- oxygen is used up and carbon dioxide is given out All three events take place in living cells.-So here it says that the food is used up means digested and energy is produced when we digested it then the oxygen is used up to break down food into simpler parts then the carbon dioxide and waste is given out.

Difference between aerobic and anaerobic

Aerobic --- 1-it takes place in the presence of oxygen
Anaero­bic­---1-it takes place in the absense of oxygen.
2- Food molecules ( sugars) are broken down into carbon dioxide, water and energy
2- food molecules ( sugars) are breaken down into ethyl alcohol, carbon dioxide and energy.
3- high amount of energy released
3- less amount of energy released.

Diagram

Larynx

Larynx is the upper part of the trachea. it also known as the voice box, as it contains two vocal cords. the vocal cords vibrate to produce sound.
o the larynx contains 2 vocal cords which is in ur throat. vocal cords are thin tissues and they let the air pass through to breathe

Bronchi and bronch­ioles

The trachea divides into two branches in the chest region each one is called bronchus ( plural- bronchi ), each bronchi enters the lung and redivides into smaller branches called bronch­ioles.
The trachea splits into two branches in the chest, and each branch is called a bronchus (plural: bronchi). Each bronchus goes into a lung and then divides into smaller branches called bronch­ioles.
 

Types of respir­ation

Aerobic- when oxygen is used for the process of respir­ation it is known as aerobic respir­ation.
Anaerobic- in some organisims like bacteria and yeast, oxygen is not required. so the process where oxygen not required is anaerobic.
Aerobic respir­ation- Food + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water + high amount of energy.-so when food and oxygen combines it creates carbon dioxide and water as the waste product and in this process high amount of energy is released.
Anaerobic respir­ation= Food = Ethyl alcohol + carbon dioxide + less energy-so this process uses food as fuel and ethyl alcohol ( a type of alcohol) and carbon dioxide are the waste products. and this process releases less energy

Nose

When a person breathes in or inhales, air passes into the body through the respir­atory tract starting with the nose. the hair and mucus inside the nose trap the dust particles contained in inhaled air. the nose also warms and moistents the air entering in our body.
*mucus is a slimy, sticky substance in the nose. and because of it and nose hair, it traps the dust particles which can be harmful if came in.

Pharynx

Pharynx is present behind the mouth. it serves as the common passage for food and air. the food from pharynx enter the oesophagus whereas the air enters into the trachea.
so its the common way food and air goes through in the body when we consume it, and the food we consume enters the oesophagus which is a tube like structure connected to your mouth to stomatch. and if the food goes there, the air enters the trachea.