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POSC 225 - Cohen Exam 1 Cheat Sheet (DRAFT) by

POSC 225 Exam 1, JMU Martin Cohen

This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.

The Colonial Period

French and Indian War (1754 - 1763)
Bankrupts Great Britain which leads to a clamping down on the colonies and more of an effort to extract revenue
Stamp Act + Stamp Act Congress (1765)
Designed to bring revenue to the Crown by taxing all printed materials - very invasive
Tea Act + Boston Tea Party (1773)
Taxed colonial imports, dumped tea in the harbor
Coercive Acts (1774)
Punishment for BTP, closed port of Boston and restricted the Massac­husetts Bay Colony, led to the 1st Contin­ental Congress
Battles of Lexington + Concord (1775)
Biggest in a series of violent conflicts, 2nd Contin­ental Congress was convened and Declar­ation of Indepe­ndence was written.

The Framing of the Consti­tution

The Consti­tut­ional Convention met in Philad­elphia during the summer of 1787 - the delegates were all wealthy white men
The Consti­tution officially became law in June 1788 when New Hampshire became the 9th state to ratify - everyone else would do it by the end of 1791
The Virginia Plan:
Madison and the nation­alists proposed, would benefit the large states. The house of reps would be direct elected and propor­tional to the size of each state. The house would elect senators and a judiciary. The national government could make and veto whatever they want
The New Jersey Plan:
Presented by Paterson and offered more protection for state's rights. One house, with equal repres­ent­ation, gave the national legisl­ature more power than articles of confed but less than VA plan
 

The Declar­ation of Indepe­ndence: Concepts

No man is born to rule over another
"­Certain unalie­nable rights­" bestowed by the creator and protected by government
Govern­ments are of the people, for the people, and by the people
Government arises from the consent of the governed
Power should be divided among several instit­utions
Citizen rights must be protected
*nothing about slavery because southern slaveo­wners couldn't be offended or separated - everyone needed to work together
 

The Articles of Confed­eration

Adopted in 1777 and set up a confed­eration
Decent­ral­ized, the national government derives limited authority from the states
So, the states have a bunch of power and authority, and it was impossible to get anything done due to the requir­ement of a 9/13 superm­ajority
No courts and no one person to lead the country
The national government had very little power and couldn't impose any regula­tions on the states:
Could not raise an army, tax citizens, relied on voluntary contri­butions from states, both states and the national government could create their own money, and both the states and nation could negotiate their own tariffs + taxes
Shay's Rebellion:
Armed farmers stormed the Massac­husetts court to demand that they stop prosec­uting debtors - none of the states would help each other