Cheatography
https://cheatography.com
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This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.
Herbal analgesics
Opium |
Willow bark |
Capsicum |
A.I.: morphine & codeine. |
Salicin |
Capsicin |
MOA: bind to opioid receptors. |
Salicin + intestinal enzymes-->Salicyl alcohol oxideized into salicylic acid. |
Depletes substance P + counter-irritant. |
Limited doses in severe pain under medical supervision. |
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Sedatives & hypnotics
Kava Kava |
Valerian herb |
A.I.: fat soluble kavalactones & kavapyrones |
Valepotriates & sesquiterpene V.O. valerenic acid. |
MOA: Potentiates GABA at it's receptor. |
- Inhibits GABA catabolism
- GABA receptor agonist |
Standardization/dose: 70% kavalactones extract with dose 100mg 2-3x/day. |
A.E: |
- If operating machines or vehicles. |
- CI in pregnant women (induce uterine contractions) |
- Avoid with Levodopa or parkinson's disease |
- Potentiates other CNS depressants (Avoid concomitant use) |
- Severe liver injury |
- Hepatotoxicity with chronic admin. |
Both are for ttt of anxiety, agitation, insomnia, convulsions.
Alzheimer (for cognitive & dementia enhancement)
Ginkgo leaves |
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A.I.: ginkgolides & bilobalides (diterpene lactones).Ginkgetin (biflavone glycosides) |
Uses: slow dementia onset & delay cognitive deterioration in early AD stages. |
MOA: |
AD drugs (for cognitive & dementia enhancement)
Ginko leaves |
Rivastigmine |
Galantamine |
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Semisynthesized from alkaloid physostigmine in Calabar beans. |
Alkaloids. |
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CNS stimulants
Caffeine |
In tea leaves, coffee beans, cacao seeds, kola nuts. |
MOA: |
- Adenosine receptor antagonism |
- Adrenaline release |
- Dopamine production |
To note: can be addictive and, thus, cause withdrawal symptoms if cut off. |
Depression
St. John's wort herb |
A.I.: hyperforin & hypericin |
MOA: |
- Monoamine oxidase inhibition (MAO-I) |
- Serotonin reuptake inhibition |
Herbs for migraine & toothache
Feverfew leaves |
Clove oil |
Prophylactic for migraine. Fam. Asteraceae. |
A.I.: sesquiterpene lactones (parthenolides) |
85% eugenol. |
MOA: proinflammatory cytokines inhibitor (relieves cranial BV vasoconstriction). |
Cox-2 inhibitor. |
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Systemic analgesic & anti-inflamm. Local anesthetic & antiseptic. |
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