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[NDT] Carbohydrates Cheat Sheet (DRAFT) by

NCM 205 Nutrition and Diet Therapy

This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.

Introd­uction

Carboh­ydrates - micron­utr­ient; most abundant forms are sugar, fiber and starch
Preferred source of energy of fats and proteins because
1. Can produce ATP through fermen­tation
2. Fats are the most efficient source of fuel
3. Prevents protein from being converted to energy
4. Cheapest form of energy

CHO Classi­fic­ations

Monosa­cch­arides - simple sugar
 
Glucose
common in nature
 
Frutose
fruit sugar
 
Galactose
INSULIN and GLUCAGON regulate blood glucose homeos­tasis
Disacc­harides
 
Sucrose
table sugar or white sugar
 
Lactose
principal CHO of milk
 
Maltose
malt sugar
Polysa­cch­arides
 
Starch
Staple grains (rice, wheat corn)
   
legumes (beans and peas)
   
root vegetables (fiber)
 
Glycogen
CHO storage form @ liver
 
Dietary Fibers
natural fiber in food