Electrolyte Disorders
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Hypercalcemia Anorexia, Chvostek sign, Confusion, Constipation, Depression, Fatigue, Flank pain, Headache, Muscle flaccidity/weakness, Nausea, Polydipsia, Polyuria, Vomiting
Stones, Bones, Groans, Psychiatric overtones
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Hypocalcemia Anxiety, Bradycardia, Carpopedal Spasms, Chvostek sign, Confusion, Depression, Diarrhea, Dyspnea, Fatigue, Muscle spasms, Paresthesia
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Hyperkalemia Anuria, Bradycardia, Chest pain, Diarrhea, Dyspnea, Fatigue, Muscle weakness, Nausea, Oliguria, Paralysis, Paresthesia, Tachycardia, Vomiting
MURDER: Muscle weakness, Urine: oliguria, anuria, Respiratory distress, Decreased cardiac contractility, EKG changes, Reflexes: hyperreflexia or areflexia
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Hypokalemia Abdominal distention, Anorexia, Bradycardia, Confusion, Constipation, Depression, Diarrhea, Dizziness, Fatigue, Muscle weakness, Nausea, Nocturia, Orthostatic hypotension, Palpitations, Paralysis, Paresthesia, Polyuria, Tachycardia, Tachypnea, Vomiting
6 L's: Lethargy, Lethal cardiac arrhythmia, Leg cramps, Limp muscles, Low shallow respirations, Less stool (constipation)
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Hypermagnesemia |
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Hypomagnesemia |
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Hypernatremia |
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Hyponatremia |
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Hyperphosphatemia |
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Hypophosphatemia |
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Hyperchloremia |
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Hypochloremia |
Carpopedal spasm = spasm in hands + feet (Trousseau's sign)
Chvostek sign = a contraction of ipsilateral facial muscles subsequent to percussion over the facial nerve
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