This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.
AGE CLASSIFICATIONS
NEONATE |
0-28 Days |
INFANT |
1 mo - 12 mo |
CHILD |
1 - 12 years |
ADOLESCENT |
13 - 18 years |
REFER TO URGENT CARE IF
< 3 mo temp 100.4F |
3-6 mo temp 101F |
>6 mo temp 103F |
Cough/cold that worsens or does not improve in several days |
Unusual, severe, or persistent pain that doesn't alleviate after hours |
Blood in urine or stool |
Inability to sleep or drink |
Severe rash or rash with fever |
Dirty or deep abrasions (requires sutures) |
Limping or unable to move extremity |
Seizure |
BACTERIAL MENINGITIS
AGE |
COMMON PATHOGEN |
EMPIRIC TX |
<1 mo |
Streptococcus agalactiae, E. coli, L. monocytogenes, Klebsiella |
Amp + Cefotaxime
or
Amp + Aminoglycoside (Gentamicin) |
1 - 23 mo |
Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, S. agalactiae, H. influenzae, E. coli |
Vanc + 3rd gen cephalosporin (Ceftriaxone or Cefotaxime) |
2+ years |
Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis |
Vanc + 3rd gen cephalosporin (Ceftriaxone or Cefotaxime) |
RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS
PX: Palivizumab (Synagis)
|
Should receive if:
- Premature infant born at < 29 week gestation{{nl} - Premature infant born < 23 wk gestation w/ chronic lung disease and < 12 mo
- Infants < 12 mo with certain heart conditions |
Dosing: Monthly at 15 mg/kg IM (thigh for infants)
- Infants should NOT receive >5 monthly doses during RSV season (late fall to early spring) |
CROUP
Non-drug Tx: cool mist or stream, adequate hydration |
Drug Tx:
Mild-Severe: Systemic steroids (dexamethasone 0.6 mg/kg) (mainstay)
Mod-Severe: Systemic steroid + nebulized racemic epinephrine PRN or L=epinephrine |
NOCTURNAL ENURESIS
Non-drug Tx: Positive reinforcement, normal daytime voiding pattern, normal hydration pattern, alarm therapy |
Drug Tx: Desmopressin (DDAVP)
Contra: Hyponatremia |
|
|
OTC PEDS
INTESTINAL GAS |
Simethicone Mylicon drops
Gas-X infant drops
|
NASAL DRYNESS OR CONGESTION |
NaCl intranasal saline soln Little Remedies Saline Nasal Drops
Ocean for Kids
|
FEVER |
APAP Children's Tylenol
Ibuprofen Motrin
Advil
|
CONSTIPATION |
PEG Miralax
Glycerin supp. Babylax
Pedia-Lax
|
AVOID IN PEDS (CONTRAINDICATED)
Ceftriaxone in neonates (1-28 days) |
Promethazine < 2 year |
Tramadol < 12 yo |
Codeine < 12 yo |
Codeine < 18 yo after tonsillectomy or adenoidectomy |
Not generally recommended:
- Quinolones
- Tetracyclines < 8 yo
- OTC cough and cold < 6 yo
VACCINE PREVENTABLE CHILDHOOD DISEASES
MEASLES |
- Koplik spots in mouth
- Airborne transmission |
MUMPS |
- Swollen salivary glands |
RUBELLA |
- Can cause birth defects if contracted by pregnant woman |
POLIO |
- Severe nerve damage |
|
- Cough, bluish skin (cyanosis) |
|
- Long-term implications include shingles (herpes zoster) w/ risk of ophthalmic involvement an post-herpetic neuralgia |
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