Show Menu
Cheatography
  1. Home >
  2. Education >

AP bio Unit 2 Cheat Sheet (DRAFT) by

AP biology unit 2n chapters 6,7,11

This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.

Size Range of Cells

Micros­copes

Electr­onscope
Focuses beam of electrons through specimen onto surface
SEM
Allows you to zooom really close to tiny organelles
TEM
Do not use much
Stereo­scope
Texture, color, details
Light compound
Typical, big organe­lles, but not tiny

Surface Area Volume ratio

Surface area increases
Volume constant
Highest SA/V ratio
More efficent cell

SA/V Ratio Equations

SA
Height x Width
Volume
Height x Width x Length
SA/V Ratio
SA/V

Prokar­yotes vs Eukaryotes

Prokar­yotes:
Eukary­otes:
No nucleus
Nucleus
No membra­ne-­bound organelles
Membra­ne-­bound organelles
Circular DNA
Linear DNA
Binary fission
Mitosis and meiosis

Organelles

Cytosk­eleton
Structural proteins extend throughout cytoplasm, maintains cell shape, anchors organe­lles, regulates cell/o­rga­nelle motility, movement of chromo­somes during cell division
Cilia and Flagella
Motility related extensions of cytosk­eleton proteins, allow cell to move through space,
Centrosome
Animal­-like cell only, organizing center, orgin of microt­ubules, major role in animal­-like cell division,
Cell membrane
Phosph­olibid (hydro­philic head, hydrop­hobic tail, always moving) bilayer, boundary of cells, transport materials in and out, commun­ication between cell and enviro­nment
Choles­treol
Steroid lipid, temp buffer, maintains fluidity over range of temps,

Membrane Proteins

Intergral proteins
Penetrate one or both sides of bi-layer
Perepheral proteins
Associated with membrane, don't penetrate
Polarity
depends on role of protein
 

Transm­ission Electron Microscope

Scanning Electron Microscope