Translation: mRNA to Protein Cheat Sheet

The mRNA is read according to the genetic code, three bases at a time [codon] each of which refers to an amino acid

Occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell

Produces polypeptide which undergo folding to become functional protein

mRNA	Transcribed from DNA
Ribosome	Large & Small sub-units
	Large sub-unit A-[Aminoacyl]-site, P-[Peptidyl]-site, E-[Exit*]-site
	Small sub-unit latches onto mRNA, forms the initiation complex*
tRNA	Carrying Amino acid specified by anti-codon
GTP	supplies energy as hydrolyzes into GDP

Can be split into 3 steps as follows:
Initiation
Elongation
Termination

The Sequence	Small sub-unit looks for initiator seq.
	In Prokaryotes, Shine-Dalgarno seq.	In Eukaryotes, Kozak seq.
tRNA #1	Charged with an N-formylated Methionine	Called only by initiator AUG

Initiation Factors	IF-3	Prevents binding of large sub-unit thus allowing small sub-unit to bind with mRNA
	IF-2	Forms a complex with ^f-MettRNA & GTP and binds with the small sub-unit
	IF-1	Joins in after ^f-MettRNA arrives at iniatiation codon AUG

Download the Translation: mRNA to Protein Cheat Sheet

1 Page

Translation: mRNA to Protein Cheat Sheet (DRAFT) by ninjasquid