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Alexander II
Crimean War |
1853-1856 |
Compulsory MiIlitary service reduced from 25 to 16 years |
1859 |
Emancipation of the Serfs |
1861 |
Introduction of new, modern, western style judicial system |
1864 |
Army rank now based on merit and skill rather than wealth/social status |
1864 |
Local Zemstvo appeared in most parts of European Russia |
1864 |
Rigid censorship rules eased |
1865 |
Alexander II's eldest son dies & his wife withdraws from public appearances |
1865 |
Liberal ministers replaced with conservatives, including appointing Dmitry Tolstoy as minister of education |
1866 |
Dmitry Karakazov attempts to shoot Alexander |
April 1866 |
Antoni Berezowski attempts to shoot Alexander and sons in carriage |
1867 |
Only students from Gimnaziya schools could go to university |
1871 |
Trial of 193- 153/193 revolutionaries acquitted, rest had light punishment. Brought publicity |
1877-1878 |
Russo-Turkish War |
1877-1878 |
Case of Vera Zasulich- found not guilty after shooting Dmitri Trepov, governor of St Petersburg |
1878 |
Governor generals established, held emergency powers to prosecute in military court & exile political offenders |
1879 |
Aleksander Soloviev shoots at Alexander 5 times |
April 1879 |
Bomb attempting to kill Alexander placed under wrong train |
December 1879 |
Third Section disbanded |
1880 |
Mine under WInter Palace dining room kills 12 and wounds 50- Alexander late for dinner |
Februrary 1880 |
Loris-Melikov constitution signed |
13th March 1881 |
Alexander II assassinated by people's will |
13th March 1881 |
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Alexander III
Okhrana allowed to imprison suspects without trial |
1881 |
Ignatiev fired as minister of Interior and replaced by reactionary Tolstoy after proposing an Assembly of the Land to represent the peasantry |
1881 |
Ignatiev becomes minister of finance and passes a law making it easier for peasants to rent state land |
May 1881 |
Vicious Pogroms against Jews, women raped & men killed |
December 1881 |
Censorship Laws |
1882 |
Ivan Delyanov becomes Minister of Education |
1882 |
Censorship law gives government total control over newspapers |
1882 |
Bunge appointed Minister of Finance |
1882 |
Bunge instates Peasant's land bank to help peasant's buy their own farms |
1882 |
May laws added to Jewish discrimination. Included restrictions 'beyond the pale' |
May 1882 |
14 Major Newspapers closed |
1882-1889 |
Universities lost autonomy and couldn't control the syllabus |
1884 |
Russification drive |
1885 |
Bunge passes laws to improve working conditions for women and children |
1885 |
Bunge dismissed |
1886 |
Vyshnegradsky appointed Minister of Finance |
1886 |
Tuition Fees increased |
1887 |
Alexander III's train derailed by terrorist bomb; he suffers kidney injuries |
1888 |
Instated Land Captains |
1889 |
Zemstva vote restricted- Doctors, Teachers & Wealthy Middle Classes can't vote |
1890 & 1892 |
Famine |
1891 |
Zemsta famine relief |
1891 |
Sergei Witte becomes Minister of Finance |
1892 |
Peasants banned from Mir |
1893 |
Alexander dies of kidney failure |
1894 |
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