Cheatography
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year 9 -I Lower Secondary Curriculum * QUALIFICATION*-
This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.
LIVING ORGANIZMS
All living organisms carry out seven life processes:-
Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrition ( They all form the word MRS.GREN)
Any living organism is made of cells
All cells are made of tissues
All tissues are made of organs
All organs are made of organ systems |
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DEFENITIONS
Life processes |
A process that something does to stay alive. The life process that happens in all living things are (movement, reproduction, sensitivity, growth, respiration, excretion, and nutrition) |
Movement |
Going from one place to another, all organisms move or part of the |
Respiration |
A process in which substances release energy for an organism to use. All organisms respire. There are, however, different forms of respiration |
Sensitivity |
the ability to detect things in the surrounding. All organisms can sense certain changes in their surroundings |
Growth |
Increases in size. All organisms grow |
Reproduction |
A process in which organisms make more organisms like them. All organisms reproduce |
Excretion |
Getting rid of waste. All organisms excrete |
Nutrition |
is the substances that help organisms respire and grow. All organisms need nutrition |
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FUNCTIONS OF CELLS
Animal cells |
It has a nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria, and ribosomes |
plant cell |
contains a cell wall, chloroplast, and large vacuole + cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm |
Nucleus |
Control the cell and gens |
Cytoplasm |
Where the chemical reactions happen |
cell membrane |
controls what goes in and out of the cell and gives the cell its shape |
Mitochondria |
Helps in respiration |
Ribosomes |
Makes energy |
Vacuole |
Contains cell sap |
cell wall |
made of cellulose that supports the cell |
Chloroplast |
Absorbs sunlight for the photosynthesis process |
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DIFFUSION
Gas exchange at the alveoli — oxygen from the air to the blood, carbon dioxide from the blood to the air.
Gas exchange for photosynthesis — carbon dioxide from the air to leaf, oxygen from leaf to air.
Gas exchange for respiration — oxygen from the blood to tissue cells, carbon dioxide in the opposite direction.
A high Diffusion Rate leads to a short distance, large surface area, and big concentration difference.
High temperatures increase diffusion; large molecules slow diffusion. |
SURFACE AREA: VOLUME RATIO (SA: V)
Surface area of a cuboid= length x height / length x width / height x width
Volume of a cuboid = length x width x height
SA : V RATIO = surface area / volume |
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ANIMAL CELLS
It consists of a nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm,mitochondria, ribosomes
PLANT CELLS
It consists of anucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, cell wall, vacuole, chloroplasts
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