This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.
Respiration
Cells release energy from Glucose by Respiration
This is used to power all biological process in the cell |
2 Types
Aerobic Respiration |
Anaerobic Respiration |
With Oxygen |
Without Oxygen |
ATP
Cells can't get energy from glucose |
Energy released from glucose is used to make ATP |
ATP = Adenosine Triphosphate |
ATP synthesized from ADP and inorganic phosphate via a condensation reaction |
Diffuses to parts of cell that need energy |
Glucose Oxidation
Stage 1 Glycolysis |
Stage 2 Link Reaction |
Stage 3 TCA Cycle/The Krebs Cycle |
Stage 4 Electron Transport and oxidative phosphorylation |
Locations of Glucose Oxidation Stages
Glycolysis = Cytosol gel like liquid in cell |
Link Reaction=Mitocchondrion=Matrix |
TCA/Krebs cycle=Mitocchondrion=Matrix |
Electron T and Ox Phos=Mitocchondrion=Inner Membrane** |
CoEnzymes
CoEnzymes used in respiration are |
NAD |
CoEnzyme A |
FAD |
NAD and FAD transfer hydrogen from one molecule to another |
Reduce or Oxidise |
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Respiration is a Exothermic Reaction
Energy is given out to the surroundings |
Efficiency
Glucose oxidised to CO2 and Water large amount of Energy is released |
Energy is released piecemeal in series of small steps |
Complete oxidation of glucose produces around 30 moles ATP |
Efficiency
Glucose oxidised to CO2 and Water large amount of Energy is released |
Energy is released piecemeal in series of small steps |
Complete oxidation of glucose produces around 30 moles ATP |
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Stage 1 Glycolysis
Brings about the splitting of each 6 Carbon glucose molecule to 2 molecules of 3 Carbon intermediate Pyruvate |
Stage 2 Link Reaction
Converts each Pryuvate to a 2 carbon molecule and releases a 1 Carbon CO2 |
Stage 3 TCA Cycle/Krebs Cycle
Completes the Breakdown into Carbon chain into Carbon dioxide (1C) |
S4 Electron Trans & Oxidative Phosphorylation
Produces a lot of ATP |
Energy carried by electrons from reduced co-enzymes is used to make ATP |
Involves a Electron Transport chain and Chemiosmosis |
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