"Even if"
❗️❗️ としても:In conversations, you can use reactions such as: そうだとしても: Even if so; Even if that's the case そうだとしたって: |
“Like a (Noun); Similar to…"
Formation: Noun + みたいに + Verb/Adjective Noun + みたいな + Noun Verb-casual + みたいに + Verb/Adjective Verb-casual + みたいな + Noun Formation: (A) は (B) のようです “A that is similar to B” (A) ような (B) “B that is like A” (Noun) のように (Verb) “Verb like” |
“(It is entirely) as if… like…”
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"In a way that suggests; Noun-style"
❗️❗️Note: If you put に after どんな = No matter how どんなに【頑張って】がんばっても、【今日中】きょうじゅうに仕事を終わらせることができません。 No matter how hard I try, I cannot finish this work within today. 【今日中】きょうじゅう : within today どんなに |
“Is like; -ish”
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ために vs ように "In order to"
❗️❗️ように can be used with negative sentences, but not ために。ように expresses aims by describing ideal situations. Since it represents a state, “can speak(話せる potential-form)” is used instead of the action “speak (話す)” for example. ❗️❗️Dont’s: When ように is used instead of ために: 1. Cannot be used when there are two subjects. 2. Cannot be used with negation. Use (V-ない ように instead) |
"Plan; Intention"
❗️❗️Note: 予定です is already solid so it is very rare to use this with a negative sentence. ❗️❗️Note: どう言うつもり? What the heck are you doing? (What’s your intention? What are you planning to do?) (Lit. I don’t understand what you are planning on doing.) (Said when you are upset) |
“It would be nice/good if;”
❗️❗️Caution : といい Cannot give negative advice such as "You shouldn't do this" or "Don't do this" unlike たら and えば form. But all grammars can be used to answer a question and give advice or recommendation. |
PROHIBITION “Can’t do; Not allowed to do…”
なりません - Objective -Gives a feeling that it is an obligation. Like you have to do it because others expect us to do it. -The speaker must fulfill their obligations under the laws, social norms, etc. いけません - Subjective “I have to…” “I need to…” -Speaker feels that they have to do it. Feels the need to do something because of personal reasons. |
OBLIGATION “You must; I must”
❗️❗️Note: なければ actually sounds really formal and is rarely used in conversation. By replacing なければ with なきゃ、 you can make your speech more suitable for conversation. In this context、 だめだ or いけない should be used. なくちゃ is short for なくては。ては is another way of saying “If” but not used often. You can seeては with いけません which means、 not allowed to do something. |