Cheatography
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の . んだ . んですか の . んだ . んですか
This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.
の . んです . んですか . んだ
TO EXPLAIN A SITUATION (THAT'S WHY) |
URGING SOMEONE TO EXPLAIN (TELL ME, I'M CURIOUS) |
INTRODUCE A TOPIC (BY THE WAY, THIS HAPPENED) |
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When you want to talk about it; you want to make a conversation out of that topic. |
A. どうしておくれた(遅れた)の/んだ？ Why are you late? |
A. 猫本当に可愛いな。 Cats are really cute. |
When you suddenly change the topic or you want to talk about something new, it’s best to use this grammar if you want to talk more about it. |
B. じゅうたい【渋滞】にまきこまりた【巻き込まれた】んだ。 I got caught in traffic. (That’s why) |
B. なんで猫かわない【飼わない】の? Why don’t you get a cat? (Tell me, I’m curious.) |
そういえば、日本語のうりょく【能力】しけん【試験】にうかったんだ【試験に受かったんだ】 / ごうかくしたんです【合格したんです】。 By the way / Speaking of which, I passed the JLPT Exam. (Guess what? Ask me about it!) |
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❗️❗️Note: This is an explanatory particle because it is used when you explain your situation or when you want explanation from someone. Usually used when you have a conversation with a specific person. Not for SNS.
V (plain) ＋ んです
Noun + なんです
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の . んです . んですか . んだ
ASSUMPTION |
DISCOVERING |
DOUBTING |
SURPRISE |
桜ちゃんは目がはれている【晴れている】。。。泣いてたんだ。 Sakura’s eyes are puffy. (I see) She was crying. |
みさはピンクが好きなんだ。 (I see…) Misa likes pink. (Making an assumption) |
１５さい【歳】なの？ / １５さい【歳】なんですか。 (What?!) You’re 15? |
友達いたんだ？ (Oh, I’m surprised) You have a friend? |
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の . んですか . んだ？
EXPRESSING SURPRISE |
DISCOVERING |
友達いたんだ？ |
１５さい【歳】なの？ / １５さい【歳】なんですか。 |
(Oh, I’m surprised) You have a friend? |
(What?!) You’re 15? |
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Common Mistakes: When using の (explanatory particle)
❌新しいアニメを見たの？ / 見たんですか。
Did you really watch it? (I'm surprised, can you explain further?)
-I thought you weren't gonna watch it but you did. I'm surprised you watched it, did you really watch it? Rather than just "Did you watch it? ⭕️新しいアニメを見た？ / 見ましたか？
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んですけど . んだけど
INTRODUCTORY REMARK (KANANG KANANG) |
INTRODUCTORY REMARK (ASK IF IT'S OK / ASK FOR DIRECTIONS) |
INTRODUCTORY REMARK (REQUEST/INVITE SOMEONE) |
MAKING A PHONE CALL (SI KUAN DIAY NI) |
When you want to raise a topic |
Stating where you're going and stopping before actually saying your question |
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When introducing your name ONLY to someone who recognize you. |
もしもし、【謝らなきゃ】あやまらなきゃいけないんだけど、今時間大丈夫？ Hello, I need to apologize to you for something, do you have time now? |
トイレに行きたいんですけど。。。 "I want to go to the toilet... (Can you tell me where is it?)" |
すいません さっき 注文したビール まだ来てないんですけど。 Excuse me, we still haven’t got got the beer we ordered earlier. Please bring it quickly. |
A. もしもし、かなめだけど。今日暇？ Hello, it’s Kaname. Are you free today? |
ちょっと聞いて。 先週 東京に旅行行ってたんだけど、その時、 財布 盗まれたさー。 Hear me out. I went to Tokyo last week. That time, my wallet got stolen. 【盗む】ぬすむ：to steal |
8時【頃】ごろ【出発】しゅっぱつする予定なんですけど大丈夫ですか？I plan to leave around 8 o'clock. Is that okay? |
チケットが２枚あるんだけど、一緒に行かない？ I have two tickets and… do you wanna come with me? |
B. はい、今日は特に用事ないですけど、どうしましたか。Yeah, I don’t have anything to do in particular. What is it? |
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❗️❗️Note: When requesting someone to do something or asking someone directions, Japanese normally explain where they are going and stopping before getting to the actual NEED/REQUEST as it is already obvious what you want to ask or request to avoid being too invasive and regarded as impolite.
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んですけど Introductory remark
Verb (Plain) + んですけど . んだけど
Noun + なん
-Setting the stage for the second clause
-To ask for direction / request
-Stating where you're going and stopping before actually saying your question
-To make a phone call and introduce yourself (ONLY to someone you know)
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の . んだ . んです Explanatory particle
Verb (Plain) + の / んだ / んですか
Noun + なん
-To explain a situation / urging someone to explain a situation and clarify things
-Surprise reaction
-Assumption. When you see something and you make your own conclusion
-Discovering (Oh, I see…)
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Verb (Plain) + の / んですか
Verb (Plain) + の / んだ / んですか
Noun + なん
-Discovering
(And asking the listener to clarify and explain it)
-Expressing Surprise “Really?”
(And asking someone to explain further)
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