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Linux Network Commands Cheat Sheet by

Network commands for network troubleshooting

Interfaces & IP Addresses

Command
Purpose
 
ip addr
Show IP addres­ses­/in­ter­faces
 
ip addr show eth0
Show specific interface
 
ip link
Show interf­ace­s/link state
 
ip link set eth0 up
Enable interface
 
ip link set eth0 down
Disable interface
 
ip -s link
Interface statistics
 
nmcli device status
Networ­kMa­nager device status
 
nmcli connection show
Show connec­tions
 
hostname
Show hostname
 
hostna­mectl
Hostna­me/­system inform­ation

Legacy commands

Command
Purpose
 
ifconfig
Interface config­uration
 
ifup
Bring interface up
 
ifdown
Bring interface down
 

Routing

Command
Purpose
 
ip route
Display routing table
 
ip route get IP
Show route used to reach IP
 
ip route add ...
Add route
 
ip route del ...
Delete route
 
route -n
Legacy routing table

Connec­tivity

Command
Purpose
 
ping HOST
Test connec­tivity
 
ping -c 4 HOST
Send 4 pings
 
tracepath HOST
Trace network path
 
tracepath HOST
Trace route to host
 
mtr HOST
Continuous route/­latency test

ARP / Neighbor Table

Modern:
ip neigh


Legacy:
arp -a
 

DNS & Name Resolution

Command
Purpose
 
dig DOMAIN
DNS lookup
 
dig DOMAIN A
Query A record
 
dig DOMAIN MX
Query mail records
 
dig -x IP
Reverse DNS lookup
nslookup DOMAIN
Basic DNS lookup
 
host DOMAIN
Simple DNS lookup
 
getend hosts HOST
Test system name resolution
 
resolvectl status
DNS resolver status
Important files:
/etc/hosts
/etc/r­eso­lve.conf
/etc/n­ssw­itc­h.conf

Network Config­uration

Networ­kMa­nager
nmcli

nmtui

system­d-n­etworkd
networkctl
 

Ports, Connec­tions & Troubl­esh­ooting

Command
Purpose
 
ss
Display sockets
 
ss -t
TCP sockets
 
ss -u
UDP sockets
 
ss -l
Listening sockets
 
ss -tulpn
Listening TCP/UDP + processes
 
ss -tan
TCP connec­tions numeri­cally
t = TCP
u = UDP
l = Listening
p = Process
n = Numeric

Network Testing Tools

Command
Purpose
 
curl URL
Test HTTP/HTTPS
 
wget URL
Downlo­ad/test web resource
 
nc HOST PORT
Test TCP/UDP port
 
tcpdump
Capture network packets
 
nmap HOST
Scan hosts/­ports

Network Statistics

Command
Purpose
 
ip -s link
RX/TX statistics
 
ss -s
Socket summary
 
ethtool
NIC/link inform­ation
   
 

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  • Published: 9th August, 2026

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