This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.
Terms
Mutant/varient/strain |
Genetically different offspring of a wild type |
Phenotype |
Observable properties of an organism |
Genotype |
Organisms actual DNA seq. |
Mutation |
Any heritable change in the DNA seq. |
Allele |
Different forms of the same gene |
Copy/ Duplication |
Similar gene sequences occurring in different chromosomal locations |
Silent Mutations |
Mutations that occur without changing the phenotype |
Naming
Strain |
E.coli AB1234 |
Initials followed by numbers |
Genes |
hisA |
gene function followed by individual gene |
Mutations |
hisA4
Δhis4 |
#—>allele position affected
Δ=deletion |
Mutations |
H14Q |
Phenotypes |
His-
His+
Rifr |
Naming cannot refer to organisms phenotype
Types of Mutants
Auxotrophic
Mutant |
Mutations in genes whose products are required to make an essential growth substance.
*Mutated gene that encodes for a biosynthetic enzyme |
Prototroph Mutant |
Original strain from which the mutant was derived can make the substance |
Catabolic Mutant |
Mutant that cannot use a particular substance for growth that can be used by the WT.
*Mutated gene that encodes for a catabolic enzyme |
Conditional-Lethal Mutants |
Cells with mutations that inactivate essential genes but only under certain conditions |
Resistant Mutants |
Mutants resistant to substances that kill the WT |
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Conditional-Lethal Mutants
Temperature Sensitive
Mutant: |
Nonpermissive
Permissive |
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