Cheatography
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Data typesname | value | string | "anything1234!@£$%" | integer | 1234 | float | 1.2345 | bool | True/False |
Variable naming rules1. Easy to remember | 2. Short | 3. No spaces | 4. Cannot start with a number | 5. Can only contain letters, numbers and underscores |
Collections and genericsName | Usage | Code | List | Multiple items in one variable | ["apple", "banana", "strawberry"] | Dictionary | Multiple key-value pairs in one variable | {"hello": "world"} |
| | Castingcast | what it does | str() | converts to a string | int() | converts to an integer | float() | converts to a float |
Casting is used to convert between values. It needs to occur before doing any mathematical calculations with an input() from a user because user input is always strings. Variable assignmentname = "abcdef123"
age = 18
height = 3.14 |
Useful python functionsprint("text") | outputs text to screen | input("text") | prints text and allows input from a user | round(3.14) | rounds a float down to an integer |
| | Comparatorssymbol | meaning | == | equal to | > | larger than | < | less than | >= | larger than or equal | <= | less than or equal | != | not equal |
Boolean operatorsand | both values must be true | or | either value may be true | xor | either value may be true, but not both |
Arithmetic operators+ | add | - | subtract | * | multiply | / | divide | ** | power | % | modulus |
| | Conditionalsvalue = 3
if value < 4:
print("less than 4")
elif value > 2:
print("larger than 2")
else:
print("some other value") |
else and elif must follow an if. Else cannot come before elif. Whitespace before the print statements indicates they are only to print if the condition is met Loops# infinite loop
while True:
print("cheese!")
# counter loop - 0-9
for i in range(10):
print(i)
# iterating a list
collection = ['apple', 'orange', 'banana']
for value in collection:
print(value) |
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