Cheatography
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common protocols for OCR GCSE computing
protocola protocol governs the transport of data on the internet |
common protocolsTCP - transmission control protocol breaks up messages, reassembles, detects errors and resends lost messages | IP- internet protocol routes packets around the internet from one IP address to another | HTTP- hypertext transfer protocol used for accessing and receiving webpages | HTTPS - hypertext transfer protocol secure the information is encrypted so if it intercepted it cannot be understood | FTP- file transfer protocol used for sending and receiving files | IMAP- Internet message access protocol leaves mesage on the server and syncs with all of your devices, can only be deleted if user deletes email | POP/3- post office protocol/3 downloads every new message to local device so it is no longer available on the server | SMTP- simple mail transfer protocol used for sending emails |
the TCP/IP protocol stack aka layersapplication layer | applications such as email clients and web browsers create data to send in this layer. SMTP, FTP and HTTP operate in this layer | transport layer | the transport layer creates the connection between two computers, or ‘hosts’. data is then divided up into packets and given a packet number. packets are reassembled by the recipient’s transport layer. lost packets are resent. This layer uses TCP. | internet layer | the Internet layer is responsible for routing packets. routers operate on this layer | link layer | the link layer is responsible for transporting information between nodes on the network. |
advantages:
- self-contained
- the functionality of one layer can be changed without affecting another
- senders and receivers can use different hardware and software but can communicate using the same layer protocols |
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