Cheatography
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Ethical Considerations in APN
This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.
What is Ethics
Ethics is standards that govern one's actions in professional practice.
Ethical behaviour serves to protect rights of humans.
Bioethics is when the choices involve healthcare.
Ethical Dilemma
Stem from conflict regarding what is right |
Can be between: |
-two actions that both seem right |
-demand for action and need for relfection |
-two unsatisfactory alternatives |
Philosophical skills
1. In-depth questioning |
2. Ability to understand different points of view |
3. Debate point in logical manner: |
important to all parties can learn |
Ethical Theories
Deontology |
Teleology |
-treat others how you want to be treated |
-Helps meet specific goals intended to achieve |
-act the same in similar situations (universal) |
-Greatest amount of happiness or least amount of harm |
-Specific duties that we cannot breach |
-Community oriented |
Ethical Theories
Deontology |
Teleology |
-treat others how you want to be treated |
-Helps meet specific goals intended to achieve |
-act the same in similar situations (universal) |
-Greatest amount of happiness or least amount of harm |
-Specific duties that we cannot breach |
-Community oriented |
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-humanitarians, Utilitarianism |
Several different viewpoints; always regard other peoples views.
Principles of Ethics
-Autonomy: |
Pts make independent decisions |
-Beneficence: |
Porividing positive benefits to pt |
-Nonmaleficence: |
Do no harm (not inflict harm on pts) |
-Veracity: |
Telling the truth, ensure pt understanding |
-Confidentiality: |
Protect clients privacy |
-Fidelity: |
Maintaining promises to gain trust |
-Justice: |
Fair and equitable distribution of HC |
CNA Code of Ethics
Developed by nurses |
Self evaluation, feedback, peer review |
Basis for advocacy |
All areas of practice |
Guidance for decision making |
Not used alone |
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Code of Ethics part 1.
Nursing Values and Ethical Responsibility |
1. Provide safe, competent ethical care |
2. Promote health and well-being |
3. Promote informed DM |
4. Honour dignity |
5. Privacy and confidentiality |
6. Promoting justice |
7. Being accountable |
Shows our values to public and employers
Code of Ethics part 2.
Ethical Endeavours Related to Broad Societal Issues |
-Activities to address social inequities |
-looking at broad aspect of social justice |
-Better equity for all |
-UTD on issues and concerns |
-Advocate for fair policies |
Focused on improving systems and societal structures to create health care for all
Truth and reconciliation ethical engagement
Ways to include into practice: |
-Traditional healing |
-Practice culturally sensitive care |
-Self education |
-Participate in research |
-Become a mentor |
-Advocating to improve systems and societal structures: health for all
-Learning about another culture increases understanding and decreases stigmatization
ETHICAL framework
E- Examine data/situation |
T- Think about who should make decision |
H-Humanize with decision tree |
I- incorporate ethical principles |
C- Choose an option |
A- Act |
L- Look back and evaluate |
Decision- making frameworks
Identify stakeholders involved |
Know your point of view and principles involved |
Most involve self-reflection
standards
Professional standards: |
framework for practice |
Practice standards: |
builds off prof. additional info |
Scope of practice |
standards, limits, conditions; further breakdown of guidelines |
Canada Health Act
Public administration: |
not-for-profit |
Accessibility: |
services offered under uniform conditions, no financial burden |
Comprehensiveness: |
cover all medically necessary services |
Universality: |
equal accessibility to services |
Portability: |
covered under their provincial insurance when in other province |
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SDOH
Income and status |
Employment/working conditions |
Education/literacy |
Childhood experience |
Physical environment |
Support/coping |
Health behaviours |
Access to HC |
Biology/genetics |
Gender |
Culture |
Race/racism |
Areas we see the most disparities in health
Public v Private HC
Will further impact the SDOH by creating barriers to accessing health care due to financial burden
Will also pull more staff to private HC; may have the better staff with incentives;
Ethical consideration - abortion
Ethically complex: |
rights of both mother and fetus |
Argument on when the fetus becomes a living-being |
Advancement in abortion care increases role of the NPs
-provide safe and professional care
Role of NP in ethical abortion
-pre-post abortion care/counselling |
-prescribing medical abortion |
-establishing trust |
-referrals for complicated procedures |
provide options - informed DM |
-follow up |
-recognizing violence/trauma |
Abortion through ethical lense
Autonomy |
#2 Promoting health and wellbeing |
#3Respecting informed decision making |
accurate unbiased information |
#4Honouring dignity |
Conscientious objection |
if withdrawing care- care for pt until alternate care established |
What to do in ethical situation
Ethical self-reflection t/o care |
Indentify personal values and belief |
Utilize ethical frameworks |
Identify conflict early |
Conscientious objection |
CNPS |
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