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Genetic Variation and Change Cheat Sheet (DRAFT) by [deleted]

Cheat Sheet for Genetic Variation. Made for Lv 2 NCEA Biology

This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.

Natural Selection

Types of Selection Pressures

Natural Disaster
Changes in Behaviour
Predation
Disease
Sexual Selection
DNA Mutations
Changes in Climate
Change in Habita­t/E­nvi­ronment
Inters­pecific & Intras­pecific Relati­onships
Availa­bility of food, shelter, water, mates

Factors that Affect the Gene pool

Bottleneck Effect
When a disaster strikes, and only a very few indivi­duals in a population are left
Genetic Drift
Changes in the frequency of alleles in a population caused by random events
Migration
Indivi­duals leaving the population
Immigr­ation
Indivi­duals entering the population
Natural Selection
The best adapted indivi­duals can survive a change in the enviro­nment

Factors that Stabilizes a Genepool

Intrap­opu­lation geneflow
Free geneflow within a popula­tion. A lack of geneflow will lead to lack of genetic diversity in terms of individual indivi­duals in a popula­tion, leading to speciation
Lack of interp­opu­lation geneflow
For the gene pool of a population to remain consis­tent, no genes can migrate from or into the population
Large population
Very large population so that if indivi­duals die by genetic drift, it won't affect the gene pool much.