Need to Know Books and Authors
George Orwell |
Animal Farm, 1984 |
Ray Bradbury |
Dandelion Wine, Something Wicked this Way , The Martian, Fahrenheit 451, |
Charles Dickens |
Pickwick Papers, Oliver Twist, A Christmas Carol, Hard Times, A Tale of Two Cities, Great Expectations |
Ernest Hemmingway |
Big Two-Hearted River, Hills Like White Elephants, The Snows of Kilimanjaro, For sale: baby shoes never worn |
Edgar Allen Poe |
The Cask of Amontillado, The Tell-Tale Heart, The Gold-Bug, |
People from the French Revolution
Louis XVI |
King of France during the revolution; member of the Bourbon Dynasty |
Marie Antoinette |
Queen of France during the revolution |
Marquis de Lafayette |
Fought under George Washington and helped establish France's military. Known as "The Hero of Two Worlds" |
Napoleon Bonaparte |
Became counsel and emperor after the French Revolution |
Louis XVII |
Younger brother of Louis XVI who's return to power marked the end of the French Revolution |
Greek Heroes
Heracles (Hercules) |
son of Alcmene and Zeus, which earned him the lifelong enmity of Zeus’s wife Hera. Hera struck Heracles with a temporary madness so that he killed his wife Megara and their children. As penance, Heracles served King Eurystheus for ten years and completed twelve labors. |
Theseus |
son of King Aegeus and the son of Poseidon. He was raised by his mother Aethra in Troezen, then as a young man took a land journey back to Athens, during which he defeated six foes, including the bandits Sinis, Sciron, and Procrustes |
Perseus |
son of Danaë and Zeus. Perseus’s grandfather, King Acrisius of Argos, had heard a prophecy that his grandson would kill him, so he banished Danaë and Perseus by setting them adrift in a chest on the ocean. |
Jason |
son of Aeson, the rightful king of Iolcos who had been usurped by Jason’s uncle Pelias. In an attempt to kill Jason, Pelias offered him the throne if he completed a quest to Colchis and retrieved the Golden Fleece. |
Achilles |
greatest Greek warrior during the Trojan War. He was the son of King Peleus and the Nereid Thetis, who dipped him in the River Styx as a child to make his body invulnerable, except for the heel by which she held him |
Odysseus |
king of Ithaca and one of the Greek leaders during the Trojan War. Odysseus originally tried to avoid the war by pretending to be insane, but was exposed when Palamedes put his son Telemachus in front of his plow. |
Diomedes |
king of Argos and a great Greek warrior, second only to Achilles in martial prowess during the Trojan War. Early in life, Diomedes’s father Tydeus, who was a member of the Seven Against Thebes, was killed during a rebellion against the city. |
Ajax the Great |
massive and powerful Greek warrior during the Trojan War. Ajax fought with a massive shield made of cow-hide and bronze, |
Bellerophon |
demigod son of Poseidon. He rejected the advances of Queen Stheneboea, who then falsely accused him of assault. |
Atalanta |
abandoned on a mountain as a baby because her father wanted a son. She was raised by bears, which helped her become one of the greatest and fastest hunters. |
Mountains
Mount Everest |
border between Nepal and China straddles the summit of the Himalayan peak Mount Everest |
K2 |
second-tallest mountain in the world; Pakistan and China |
Denali (Mt.McKinley) |
highest mountain in North America. It is in south-central Alaska |
Mount Mitchell |
Black Mountain subrange of the Appalachians |
The Matterhorn |
Switzerland and Italy |
Mount Kilimanjaro |
Tanzania; The Snows of Kilimanjaro |
Mount Kenya |
Kenya; second-tallest mountain in Africa |
Mount Kosciuszko |
Australia |
Mount Fuji |
Japan |
Mount Aconcagua |
Argentina |
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Presidential Scandals
Teapot Dome 1921-1929 |
Warren G. Harding leased out navy oil reserves in Wyoming for an extremely low price |
Watergate 1972-1974 |
Richard Nixon had his supporting members break into the Watergate building to destroy incriminating evidence of a government coverup |
Monica Lewinsky 1995-1999 |
Bill Clinton was impeached because he lied under oath about an affair he was having with Monica Lewinsky |
The Whisky Ring 1871-1876 |
Whisky distillers in St. Louis bribed members of the government to get away with tax evasion |
Geological Time Periods (Oldest to Newest)
Hadean Eon (4600 million years ago to 4000 mya) |
Archean Eon (4000 to 2500 mya) |
Proterozoic Eon (2500 mya to 541 mya) |
Cambrian Period (541 mya to 485 mya) |
Ordovician Period (485 mya to 444 mya) |
Silurian Period (444 mya to 419 mya) |
Devonian Period (419 mya to 359 mya) |
Carboniferous Period (359 mya to 299 mya) |
Permian Period (299 mya to 252 mya) |
Triassic Period (252 mya to 201 mya) |
Jurassic Period (201 mya to 145 mya) |
Jurassic Period (201 mya to 145 mya) |
Cenozoic Era (66 mya to present) |
Indian Tribes
Iroquois |
upstate New York |
Powhatan |
eastern Virginia |
Cherokee |
southeastern United States |
Seminole |
Florida |
Shawnee |
Ohio Valley |
Lakota Sioux |
northern Great Plains |
Shoshone |
northern plains |
Nez Perce |
Pacific Northwest |
Apache |
southwest |
Navajo |
southwest |
Circuit Components
Resistor |
element that impedes the flow of current, creating a voltage drop |
Capacitor |
charge-storing disconnection in a circuit |
Inductor |
solenoid is a coil of wire. When electric current through the wire changes, a magnetic field is generated |
Transformer |
transformers are used to “step up” or “step down” voltage, |
Source |
any device that provides voltage or current |
Ground |
point on a circuit that is connected to the ground |
Fuses and circuit breakers |
protects the equipment in the circuit from being damaged by power surges |
Switch |
toggles between an open connection and a closed connection. |
Diode |
permits the flow of current in only one direction. |
Rectifier |
onverts AC or another variable signal into a positive-voltage signal |
Organelles
Nucleus |
“command central” of the cell because it contains almost all of the cell’s DNA |
Ribosomes |
coordinate protein synthesis, or translation. |
Mitochondria |
double-membrane-bound organelles |
Endoplasmic reticulum |
tube-like membranes continuous with the nuclear envelope |
Golgi apparatus |
flattened, folded membranes that forms the Golgi apparatus acts as the “post office of the cell.” |
Lysosomes |
digestive enzymes that break down proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. |
Chloroplasts |
Found only in plants and certain protists, the chloroplast contains the green pigment chlorophyll and is the site of photosynthesis. |
Vacuoles |
Found mainly in plants and protists, vacuoles are liquid-filled cavities enclosed by a single membrane. They serve as storage bins for food and waste products |
Cilia and flagella |
long, whip-like structures, while cilia are short, hair-like projections |
Centrioles |
Not found in plant cells, centrioles are paired organelles with nine sets of microtubule triplets in cross section. They are important in organizing the microtubule spindle needed to move the chromosomes during mitosis. |
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