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Skeletal System Cheat Sheet (DRAFT) by

Skeletal System - Anatomy

This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.

Osseous Tissue

TYPE
Spongy Tissue
Compact Tissue
STRUCTURE
Contains lamellae arranged randomly within plates called trabeculae aligned on stress lines with irregular cavities filled with red bone marrow in the inters­paces
Contains osteons and lamellae containing lacunae filled with osteocytes
MATRIX
Porous
Hard/c­alc­ified
FUNCTION
reduce weight while mainta­ining strength
provide protection

Compact Osseous Tissue

Contains osteons which involve a central canal, also referred to as the osteon­ic/­Hav­ersian canal. This canal is surrounded by lamellae which are concentric rings of matrix that contain osteoc­ytes, osseous cells, in lacunae, between the rings

Lamellae

Concentric
Inters­titial
Circum­fer­ential
Surround the osteon
space in between osteons
around circum­ference of bone (inner and outer)

Lamellae cont.

C: Endosteum
D: Perios­teum: outer fibrous periosteum in black, inner osteogenic layer in orange)
E: Haversian canal (= central canal)
H: Osteon
I: Osteocytes in lacunae
J: Concentric lamellae
K: Inters­titial lamellae
L: Circum­fer­ential lamellae

Spongy Osseous Tissue

Involves plates called trabec­ulae, a bundle of fibres aligned on lines of stress, along with irregular cavities containing red bone marrow. The trabeculae allow the bone to withstand stress by providing strength. The irregular cavities containing red bone marrow connect to the canali­culi, allowing for nutrients to be delivered through blood supply.
  

Osseous Tissue Matrix

Inorganic
Organic (the osteon)
Mineral salts such as hydrox­yap­atite, calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, fluoride, and sulphate
contains proteo­gly­cans, glycop­rot­eins, and collagen fibres
makes tissue hard and allows for strength and protection (resis­tance to compre­ssion)
allows the tissue to be strong and flexible (resis­tance to strenc­hin­g/t­wis­ting)

Structures

Periosteum
Endosteum
Diaphysis
Epiphysis