Cheatography
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File Expressionsfile1 -ef file2 | file1 and file2 have the same inode numbers (the two filenames refer to the same file by hard linking). | file1 -nt file2 | file1 is newer than file2. | file1 -ot file2 | file1 is older than file2. | -b file | file exists and is a block-special (device) file. | -c file | file exists and is a character-special (device) file. | -d file | file exists and is a directory. | -e file | file exists. | -f file | file exists and is a regular file. | -g file | file exists and is set-group-ID. | -G file | file exists and is owned by the effective group ID. | -k file | file exists and has its "sticky bit" set. | -L file | file exists and is a symbolic link. | -O file | file exists and is owned by the effective user ID. | -p file | file exists and is a named pipe. | -r file | file exists and is readable (has readable permission for the effective user). | -s file | file exists and has a length greater than zero. | -S file | file exists and is a network socket. | -t fd | fd is a file descriptor directed to/from the terminal. This can be used to determine wheter standard input/output/error is being redirected. | -u file | file exists and is setuid. | -w file | file exists and is writable (has write permission for the effective user). | -x file | file exists and is executable (has execute/search permission for the effective user). |
| | Integer Expressionsinteger1 -eq integer2 | integer1 is equal to integer2. | integer1 -ne integer2 | integer1 is not equal to integer2. | integer1 -le integer2 | integer1 is less than or equal to integer2. | integer1 -lt integer2 | integer1 is less than integer2. | integer1 -ge integer2 | integer1 is greater than or equal to integer2. | integer1 -gt integer2 | integer1 is greater than integer2. |
String Expressionsstring | string is not null. | -n string | The length of string is greater than zero. | -z string | The length of string is zero. | string1 = string2 string1 == string2 | string1 and string2 are equal. | string1 != string2 | string1 and string2 are not equal. | string1 > string2 | string1 sorts after string2. | string1 < string2 | string1 sorts before string2. |
Modern Version of testInstead of using [ expression ] is going to be [[ expression ]] and one designed for integers is (( expression )).
With [[ expression ]] we can have an expression matching a regular expression:
string =~ regex.
For the integers in this way we can use the conventional way of other programming languages expressions like:
int == 0.
int < 0.
int > 0.
int % 0.
And of course the logical operators, instead of using the older options of test we can use:
&& for and.
|| for or.
! for not. |
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