PHP fundamentals Cheat Sheet (DRAFT) by williamdavies

Normal array
$myGadgets = array('iMac', 'iPad', 'iPhone');

Shorthand array
$myGadgets = ['iMac', 'iPad', 'iPhone'];

Associative array
$myGadgets = array('computer'=>'iMac', 'tablet'=>'iPad', 'phone'=>'iPhone');

echo $myGadgets['phone']; (will output iPhone)

Append to an array
$myGadgets[] = 'sounddock';

Examine contents and structure of array
print_r($myGadgets);

Output a value from an array
echo $myGadgets[1];
(Will output 'iPad')

Convert entire array to string
echo implode(', ', $myGadgets); 
(First argument is how you would like to seperate each element)

Variables can store strings and numbers
$txt = "Hello world!";
$x = 5;
$y = 10.5;

Variables can be outputted in the follwing way
$txt = "Will";
echo "My name is " . $txt . "!";

Use a global variable inside a function
$x = 5;
$y = 10;

function myTest() {
    global $x, $y;
    $y = $x + $y;
}

for loop
for ($x = 5; $x <= 100; $x++) {
   echo "The number is " . $x;
}
(The first parameter is the initial value of the variable, the second value controls how many times the loop will execute)

foreach loop
$myGadgets= array('iMac', 'iPad', 'iPhone');
foreach ($myGadgets AS $myGadget){
echo '<li>' . $myGadget . '</li>';
}
(Outputs each element of the array as a list item)

while loop
$x = 1;
while(x <= 5){
echo "Hello World";
x++;
}
(Loop continues until condition is no longer true)

*do while loop
$x = 1; 
do {
    echo "Hello World";
    $x++;
} while ($x <= 5);
(Identical to a while loop except the code is executed once regardless of if the condition is met)

explode(string_separator, $str, limit);

implode(string_separator, array);

str_replace(find, replace, string, count);

str_word_count(string, return, char);

strlen($str);

strlower($str);

strtoupper($str);

trim($str, chars);

wordwrap($str, width, break, cut);

substr($str, start, length)

Escaping characters

When using doubles quotes for example "hello world" you can escape characters with a backslash \

break; (stops loop)
exit; (stops php script)

h : 12 hr format
H : 24 hr format
i : Minutes
s : Seconds
u : Microseconds
a : Lowercase am or pm
l : Full text for the day
F : Full text for the month
j : Day of the month
S : Suffix for the day
Y : 4 digit y

echo date('h:i:s');

$firstName = $_POST['fname'];