Cheatography
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NMNC Health and Illness 3
This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.
Alcohol Intoxication/ Withdrawal
Pathophysiology |
Occurs when alcohol use abruptly stops |
Peaks at 24-96 hours after last drink (usually around 48 hours) |
May progress to alcohol withdrawal delirium |
|
Signs and Symptoms
agitation |
nausea |
anxiety |
tremors |
HR |
insomnia |
BP |
hyperactivity |
diaphoresis |
Complications
Delirium Tremens |
tremors in hands |
confusion |
chest pain |
hallucinations |
rapid HR |
anxiety |
high BP |
sleepiness/fatigue |
fainting/passing out |
sensitivity to light/sound |
heavy sweating |
hyperactivity or excitability |
pale skin |
severe dehydration |
fever |
seizures |
nausea/vomiting |
death |
|
|
Diagnostic/Labs
CIWA-A Scale |
Patient has to be awake/responsive to score |
0-8 points: Mild withdrawal |
9-17 points: Moderate withdrawal |
18 or more: Severe withdrawal |
as score increases, benzodiazepine dose and amount increases |
|
|
Medication/Treatment
Benzos or Barbs to prevent seizure |
- Lorazepam (Ativan) |
- Chlodiazepoxide (Librium) |
- Phenobarbatol (Luminal) |
Sedation to control hyperactivity |
- Dexmedetomidine (Precedex) |
- multivitamins |
- magnesium sulfate |
- IV glucose solution, treat hypoglycemia |
- beta blockers (-lol, -olol), to stabilize VS |
- alpha2 antagonists (clonidine), to stabilize VS |
Interprofessional Management
- respiratory support, mechanical ventilation |
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