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First Aider Cheat Sheet by [deleted]

Role as First Aider (4Ps)

Preserve
Preserve life for life-t­hre­atening conditions
Prevent
Prevent injury from worsening
Provide
Provide comfort and relief after damage is under control
Promote
Promote recovery

Shock Types

Anaphy­lactic
Due to Allergic reaction
Cardio­genic
Due to myocardial infarction (heart attack)
Hypovo­lemic
Due to severe blood loss (>20%)
Neurogenic
Due to damage to central nervous system (eg. spinal cord)
Septic
Due to bacter­ial­/vi­ral­/fungal infection

Consci­ousness Level (AVPU)

Alertness
If casualty is alert and awake
Voice
If casualty can talk
Pain
If casualty can feel and respond to pain
Unrespo­nsive
If casualty is unresp­onsive to any stimulant
 

CPR (DRSABC)

Danger
Check for danger around the casualty
Response
Check for response from the casualty
Shout
Shout for help (995 & AED)
Airway
Clear the airway (head-­til­t-c­hin­-lift)
Breathing
Check for breathing, and give 2 breathes
Compression
Start compre­ssion (30-2 cycle)

Soft Tissue Injury (RICE)

Rest
Rest the casualty down (chair­/floor)
Ice
Apply ice or cold pack on the injury
Compress
Apply pressure on the injury
Elevate
Raise the injury above the heart

Fracture (DOTS)

Deformity
If the body part is deformed
Openess
If the injury is opened or closed
Tenderness
If the injury is tender to the touch
Swelling
If there's any swelling on the injury

Small Burns (4Cs)

Cool
Cool under running water
Constri­ctors
Remove any constr­ictors on the casualty
Cover
Cover with protective film
Consult
Consult medical care

Stroke (FAST)

Face
If one side of face is dropped
Arm
If one side of body is weak
Speech
If speech is slurred
Time
Time to call 995

Seizure (ACTION)

Assess
Check for danger around the casualty
Cushion
Cushion the head from hitting the ground
Time
How long has the seizure continued
Identif­ication
Over
Is it over?
Never
           
 

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