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\author{xriley}
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  /Title (epidemiology-chapter-4.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (xriley)
  /Subject (Epidemiology Chapter 4 Cheat Sheet)
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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Epidemiology Chapter 4 Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{xriley} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/211230/cs/45728/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}xriley \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/xriley} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 23rd February, 2025.\\
   Updated 23rd February, 2025.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{multicols*}{4}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chronic disease epidemiology definitions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Multifactorial Etiology- Various factors that cause disease.} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Latency Period- The time between exposure of a risk factor and the onset of symptoms.} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Physical Stresses- Excessive heat/cold, radiation, housing, workplace injuries and climate change.} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Risk Factor- Behaviors, environmental exposure, or inherent human characteristic that increases the likelihood of an adverse health outcome.} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Risk factors and Environment}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Environmental risk factors include: Allergens, asbsetos, arsenic, noise, radiation, and smoke.} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Physical, Chemical, and Biological environment risk factors include: Worksite exposures, environment exposures, poverty, low educational level, smoking, alcohol use, nutrition/diet, congenital anomalies, and developmental defects.} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 5)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Inhalation- Breathing radioactive chemicals into the lungs.} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 3
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Ingestion- Swallowing radioactive material.} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Direct- External exposure.} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
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\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Radiation publication}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\seqsplit{https://ncrponline.org/publications/reports/ncrp-report-160-2/}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{"NCRP Report 160 | NCRP | Bethesda, MD." Ncrponline.org, \seqsplit{ncrponline.org/publications/reports/ncrp-report-160-2/.} \newline  \newline ‌}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chemicals in the air}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{p{3.833cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/xriley_1740331852_ToxicsMap_page-0001.jpg}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{The above image shows the lead concentration trend in the U.S. \newline  \newline Office, EPA. "Air Quality Trends Show Clean Air Progress." Epa.gov, 2020, \seqsplit{gispub.epa.gov/air/trendsreport/2020/\#air\_toxics\_trends.} Accessed 22 Feb. 2025. \newline  \newline ‌}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Lead and health}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Although, the trend of lead exposure has decreased, the severity of lead remains severe. Lead can be ingested through food, soil, water, and dust.} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Consequences from lead exposure include damage to organs, osteoporosis, seizures, mental retardation and more.} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Lead exposure has been found in lead paint and leaded gasoline. Now are both banned in the U.S. and consequently, blood lead levels lowered.} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Definitions}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Toxicokinetic: The study of how a chemical substance and the process it undergoes when inside the body.} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Biotransformation: The change of a chemical within the body.} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Definition}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Biologic agent:a living organism, such as viruses, bacteria, toxins, or parasites, that can cause disease in humans, animals, or plants.} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Virus and Cancer relationship}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Virus examples: human papillomaviruses (HPV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) (also called human herpesvirus 8), human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1), and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV).} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 6)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Cancer examples: Burkitt's lymphoma, liver cancer, Adult T-cell leukemia, Kaposi's sarcoma, and cancer of the cervix, anus, penis, vagina, vulva and oropharnyx.} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 4)
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% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Schiller, John T., and Douglas R. Lowy. "An Introduction to Virus Infections and Human Cancer." Viruses and Human Cancer, vol. 217, 18 Nov. 2020, pp. 1–11, \seqsplit{https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57362-1\_1.} \newline  \newline ‌}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{p{3.833cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/xriley_1740332723_pmc_ncbi.nlm.nih (1)_page-0001.jpg}}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{The above image illustrates cancers that have a strong association with certain viruses. \newline  \newline  \newline "Table - PMC." Nih.gov, 2021, \seqsplit{pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8336782/table/T2/.} Accessed 23 Feb. 2025. \newline  \newline ‌}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

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% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Behavior and lifestyle choices are responsible for coronary heart disease deaths, cancer deaths, lung cancer, mental disorders, work-related injuries, and diabetes} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Lifestyle choices include: smoking, poor nutrition, exercise, sexual activity, and alcohol intake.} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Malnutrition: condition caused by insufficient vitamins, minerals, or other nutrients.} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 3
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% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Overnutrition: Excessive intake of nutrients.} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Disability and chronic disease article}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\seqsplit{https://www.cdc.gov/chronic-disease/about/index.html}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{CDC. "About Chronic Diseases." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4 Oct. 2024, \seqsplit{www.cdc.gov/chronic-disease/about/index.html.} \newline  \newline ‌}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3433 cm} p{0.3433 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chronic disease prevention}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Quit smoking, eat healthy, regular exercise, limit alcohol, regular health screening, know your family history, and get enough sleep.} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chronic disease prevention}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{p{3.833cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/xriley_1740333217_primehealthofnj_com_page-0001.jpg}}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{"Prime Health Care." Prime Health of New Jersey, 28 Aug. 2023, \seqsplit{primehealthofnj.com/10-ways-to-prevent-chronic-diseases/.} \newline  \newline ‌}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}